// /*
//  * windows backend for libusb 1.0
//  * Copyright © 2009-2012 Pete Batard <pete@akeo.ie>
//  * Copyright © 2016-2018 Chris Dickens <christopher.a.dickens@gmail.com>
//  * With contributions from Michael Plante, Orin Eman et al.
//  * Parts of this code adapted from libusb-win32-v1 by Stephan Meyer
//  * HID Reports IOCTLs inspired from HIDAPI by Alan Ott, Signal 11 Software
//  * Hash table functions adapted from glibc, by Ulrich Drepper et al.
//  * Major code testing contribution by Xiaofan Chen
//  *
//  * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
//  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
//  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
//  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
//  *
//  * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
//  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
//  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
//  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
//  *
//  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
//  * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
//  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
//  */
//
// #include <config.h>
//
// #include <windows.h>
// #include <setupapi.h>
// #include <ctype.h>
// #include <stdio.h>
//
// #include "libusbi.h"
// #include "windows_winusb.h"
//
// #define HANDLE_VALID(h) (((h) != NULL) && ((h) != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE))
//
// // The below macro is used in conjunction with safe loops.
// #define LOOP_BREAK(err)				\
// 	{					\
// 		r = err;			\
// 		continue;			\
// 	}
//
// // WinUSB-like API prototypes
// static bool winusbx_init(struct libusb_context *ctx);
// static void winusbx_exit(void);
// static int winusbx_open(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static void winusbx_close(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static int winusbx_configure_endpoints(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int winusbx_claim_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int winusbx_release_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int winusbx_submit_control_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int winusbx_set_interface_altsetting(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting);
// static int winusbx_submit_iso_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int winusbx_submit_bulk_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int winusbx_clear_halt(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
// static int winusbx_cancel_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int winusbx_reset_device(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static enum libusb_transfer_status winusbx_copy_transfer_data(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length);
// // HID API prototypes
// static bool hid_init(struct libusb_context *ctx);
// static void hid_exit(void);
// static int hid_open(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static void hid_close(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static int hid_claim_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int hid_release_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int hid_set_interface_altsetting(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting);
// static int hid_submit_control_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int hid_submit_bulk_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int hid_clear_halt(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
// static int hid_reset_device(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static enum libusb_transfer_status hid_copy_transfer_data(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length);
// // Composite API prototypes
// static int composite_open(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static void composite_close(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static int composite_claim_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int composite_set_interface_altsetting(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting);
// static int composite_release_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface);
// static int composite_submit_control_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int composite_submit_bulk_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int composite_submit_iso_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int composite_clear_halt(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
// static int composite_cancel_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
// static int composite_reset_device(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
// static enum libusb_transfer_status composite_copy_transfer_data(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length);
//
// static usbi_mutex_t autoclaim_lock;
//
// // API globals
// static struct winusb_interface WinUSBX[SUB_API_MAX];
// #define CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api)		\
// 	do {						\
// 		if (sub_api == SUB_API_NOTSET)		\
// 			sub_api = priv->sub_api;	\
// 		if (WinUSBX[sub_api].hDll == NULL)	\
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;	\
// 	} while (0)
//
// #define CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE				\
// 	do {						\
// 		if (DLL_HANDLE_NAME(hid) == NULL)	\
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;	\
// 	} while (0)
//
// #if defined(ENABLE_LOGGING)
// static const char *guid_to_string(const GUID *guid, char guid_string[MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH])
// {
// 	if (guid == NULL) {
// 		guid_string[0] = '\0';
// 		return guid_string;
// 	}
//
// 	sprintf(guid_string, "{%08X-%04X-%04X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X}",
// 		(unsigned int)guid->Data1, guid->Data2, guid->Data3,
// 		guid->Data4[0], guid->Data4[1], guid->Data4[2], guid->Data4[3],
// 		guid->Data4[4], guid->Data4[5], guid->Data4[6], guid->Data4[7]);
//
// 	return guid_string;
// }
// #endif
//
// static bool string_to_guid(const char guid_string[MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH], GUID *guid)
// {
// 	unsigned short tmp[4];
// 	int num_chars = -1;
// 	char extra;
// 	int r;
//
// 	// Unfortunately MinGW complains that '%hhx' is not a valid format specifier,
// 	// even though Visual Studio 2013 and later support it. Rather than complicating
// 	// the logic in this function with '#ifdef's, use a temporary array on the stack
// 	// to store the conversions.
// 	r = sscanf(guid_string, "{%8x-%4hx-%4hx-%4hx-%4hx%4hx%4hx}%n%c",
// 		(unsigned int *)&guid->Data1, &guid->Data2, &guid->Data3,
// 		&tmp[0], &tmp[1], &tmp[2], &tmp[3], &num_chars, &extra);
//
// 	if ((r != 7) || (num_chars != 38))
// 		return false;
//
// 	// Extract the bytes from the 2-byte shorts
// 	guid->Data4[0] = (unsigned char)((tmp[0] >> 8) & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[1] = (unsigned char)(tmp[0] & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[2] = (unsigned char)((tmp[1] >> 8) & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[3] = (unsigned char)(tmp[1] & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[4] = (unsigned char)((tmp[2] >> 8) & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[5] = (unsigned char)(tmp[2] & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[6] = (unsigned char)((tmp[3] >> 8) & 0xFF);
// 	guid->Data4[7] = (unsigned char)(tmp[3] & 0xFF);
//
// 	return true;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Normalize Microsoft's paths: return a duplicate of the given path
//  * with all characters converted to uppercase
//  */
// static char *normalize_path(const char *path)
// {
// 	char *ret_path = _strdup(path);
// 	char *p;
//
// 	if (ret_path == NULL)
// 		return NULL;
//
// 	for (p = ret_path; *p != '\0'; p++)
// 		*p = (char)toupper((unsigned char)*p);
//
// 	return ret_path;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Cfgmgr32, AdvAPI32, OLE32 and SetupAPI DLL functions
//  */
// static bool init_dlls(struct libusb_context *ctx)
// {
// 	DLL_GET_HANDLE(ctx, Cfgmgr32);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(Cfgmgr32, CM_Get_Parent, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(Cfgmgr32, CM_Get_Child, true);
//
// 	// Prefixed to avoid conflict with header files
// 	DLL_GET_HANDLE(ctx, AdvAPI32);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(AdvAPI32, p, RegQueryValueExA, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(AdvAPI32, p, RegCloseKey, true);
//
// 	DLL_GET_HANDLE(ctx, SetupAPI);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiGetClassDevsA, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceIdA, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiOpenDevRegKey, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC_PREFIXED(SetupAPI, p, SetupDiOpenDeviceInterfaceRegKey, true);
//
// 	return true;
// }
//
// static void exit_dlls(void)
// {
// 	DLL_FREE_HANDLE(SetupAPI);
// 	DLL_FREE_HANDLE(AdvAPI32);
// 	DLL_FREE_HANDLE(Cfgmgr32);
// }
//
// /*
//  * enumerate interfaces for the whole USB class
//  *
//  * Parameters:
//  * dev_info: a pointer to a dev_info list
//  * dev_info_data: a pointer to an SP_DEVINFO_DATA to be filled (or NULL if not needed)
//  * enumerator: the generic USB class for which to retrieve interface details
//  * index: zero based index of the interface in the device info list
//  *
//  * Note: it is the responsibility of the caller to free the DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
//  * structure returned and call this function repeatedly using the same guid (with an
//  * incremented index starting at zero) until all interfaces have been returned.
//  */
// static bool get_devinfo_data(struct libusb_context *ctx,
// 	HDEVINFO *dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data, const char *enumerator, unsigned _index)
// {
// 	if (_index == 0) {
// 		*dev_info = pSetupDiGetClassDevsA(NULL, enumerator, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF_ALLCLASSES);
// 		if (*dev_info == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not obtain device info set for PnP enumerator '%s': %s",
// 				enumerator, windows_error_str(0));
// 			return false;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	dev_info_data->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
// 	if (!pSetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(*dev_info, _index, dev_info_data)) {
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS)
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not obtain device info data for PnP enumerator '%s' index %u: %s",
// 				enumerator, _index, windows_error_str(0));
//
// 		pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
// 		*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 		return false;
// 	}
// 	return true;
// }
//
// /*
//  * enumerate interfaces for a specific GUID
//  *
//  * Parameters:
//  * dev_info: a pointer to a dev_info list
//  * dev_info_data: a pointer to an SP_DEVINFO_DATA to be filled (or NULL if not needed)
//  * guid: the GUID for which to retrieve interface details
//  * index: zero based index of the interface in the device info list
//  *
//  * Note: it is the responsibility of the caller to free the DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
//  * structure returned and call this function repeatedly using the same guid (with an
//  * incremented index starting at zero) until all interfaces have been returned.
//  */
// static int get_interface_details(struct libusb_context *ctx, HDEVINFO dev_info,
// 	PSP_DEVINFO_DATA dev_info_data, LPCGUID guid, DWORD *_index, char **dev_interface_path)
// {
// 	SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA dev_interface_data;
// 	PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A dev_interface_details;
// 	char guid_string[MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH];
// 	DWORD size;
//
// #ifndef ENABLE_LOGGING
// 	UNUSED(*guid_string);
// #endif
// 	dev_info_data->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
// 	dev_interface_data.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
// 	for (;;) {
// 		if (!pSetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(dev_info, *_index, dev_info_data)) {
// 			if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
// 				usbi_err(ctx, "Could not obtain device info data for %s index %lu: %s",
// 					guid_to_string(guid, guid_string), ULONG_CAST(*_index), windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 			}
//
// 			// No more devices
// 			return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 		}
//
// 		// Always advance the index for the next iteration
// 		(*_index)++;
//
// 		if (pSetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(dev_info, dev_info_data, guid, 0, &dev_interface_data))
// 			break;
//
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "Could not obtain interface data for %s devInst %lX: %s",
// 				guid_to_string(guid, guid_string), ULONG_CAST(dev_info_data->DevInst), windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 		}
//
// 		// Device does not have an interface matching this GUID, skip
// 	}
//
// 	// Read interface data (dummy + actual) to access the device path
// 	if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(dev_info, &dev_interface_data, NULL, 0, &size, NULL)) {
// 		// The dummy call should fail with ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface data (dummy) for %s devInst %lX: %s",
// 				guid_to_string(guid, guid_string), ULONG_CAST(dev_info_data->DevInst), windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792901.aspx is wrong");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 	}
//
// 	dev_interface_details = malloc(size);
// 	if (dev_interface_details == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate interface data for %s devInst %lX",
// 			guid_to_string(guid, guid_string), ULONG_CAST(dev_info_data->DevInst));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 	}
//
// 	dev_interface_details->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A);
// 	if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(dev_info, &dev_interface_data,
// 		dev_interface_details, size, NULL, NULL)) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface data (actual) for %s devInst %lX: %s",
// 			guid_to_string(guid, guid_string), ULONG_CAST(dev_info_data->DevInst), windows_error_str(0));
// 		free(dev_interface_details);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 	}
//
// 	*dev_interface_path = normalize_path(dev_interface_details->DevicePath);
// 	free(dev_interface_details);
//
// 	if (*dev_interface_path == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate interface path for %s devInst %lX",
// 			guid_to_string(guid, guid_string), ULONG_CAST(dev_info_data->DevInst));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// /* For libusb0 filter */
// static int get_interface_details_filter(struct libusb_context *ctx, HDEVINFO *dev_info,
// 	DWORD _index, char *filter_path, char **dev_interface_path)
// {
// 	const GUID *libusb0_guid = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_LIBUSB0_FILTER;
// 	SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA dev_interface_data;
// 	PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A dev_interface_details;
// 	HKEY hkey_dev_interface;
// 	DWORD size;
// 	int err = LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
//
// 	if (_index == 0) {
// 		*dev_info = pSetupDiGetClassDevsA(libusb0_guid, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
// 		if (*dev_info == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not obtain device info set: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	dev_interface_data.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
// 	if (!pSetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(*dev_info, NULL, libusb0_guid, _index, &dev_interface_data)) {
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "Could not obtain interface data for index %lu: %s",
// 				ULONG_CAST(_index), windows_error_str(0));
// 			goto err_exit;
// 		}
//
// 		pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
// 		*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	// Read interface data (dummy + actual) to access the device path
// 	if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(*dev_info, &dev_interface_data, NULL, 0, &size, NULL)) {
// 		// The dummy call should fail with ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface data (dummy) for index %lu: %s",
// 				ULONG_CAST(_index), windows_error_str(0));
// 			goto err_exit;
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792901.aspx is wrong");
// 		goto err_exit;
// 	}
//
// 	dev_interface_details = malloc(size);
// 	if (dev_interface_details == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate interface data for index %lu", ULONG_CAST(_index));
// 		err = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 		goto err_exit;
// 	}
//
// 	dev_interface_details->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A);
// 	if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(*dev_info, &dev_interface_data, dev_interface_details, size, NULL, NULL)) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface data (actual) for index %lu: %s",
// 			ULONG_CAST(_index), windows_error_str(0));
// 		free(dev_interface_details);
// 		goto err_exit;
// 	}
//
// 	*dev_interface_path = normalize_path(dev_interface_details->DevicePath);
// 	free(dev_interface_details);
//
// 	if (*dev_interface_path == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate interface path for index %lu", ULONG_CAST(_index));
// 		err = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 		goto err_exit;
// 	}
//
// 	// [trobinso] lookup the libusb0 symbolic index.
// 	hkey_dev_interface = pSetupDiOpenDeviceInterfaceRegKey(*dev_info, &dev_interface_data, 0, KEY_READ);
// 	if (hkey_dev_interface != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 		DWORD libusb0_symboliclink_index = 0;
// 		DWORD value_length = sizeof(DWORD);
// 		LONG status;
//
// 		status = pRegQueryValueExA(hkey_dev_interface, "LUsb0", NULL, NULL,
// 			(LPBYTE)&libusb0_symboliclink_index, &value_length);
// 		if (status == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
// 			if (libusb0_symboliclink_index < 256) {
// 				// libusb0.sys is connected to this device instance.
// 				// If the the device interface guid is {F9F3FF14-AE21-48A0-8A25-8011A7A931D9} then it's a filter.
// 				sprintf(filter_path, "\\\\.\\libusb0-%04u", (unsigned int)libusb0_symboliclink_index);
// 				usbi_dbg(ctx, "assigned libusb0 symbolic link %s", filter_path);
// 			} else {
// 				// libusb0.sys was connected to this device instance at one time; but not anymore.
// 			}
// 		}
// 		pRegCloseKey(hkey_dev_interface);
// 	} else {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "could not open device interface registry key for index %lu: %s",
// 			ULONG_CAST(_index), windows_error_str(0));
// 		// TODO: should this be an error?
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
//
// err_exit:
// 	pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
// 	*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 	return err;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Returns the first known ancestor of a device
//  */
// static struct libusb_device *get_ancestor(struct libusb_context *ctx,
// 	DEVINST devinst, PDEVINST _parent_devinst)
// {
// 	struct libusb_device *dev = NULL;
// 	DEVINST parent_devinst;
//
// 	while (dev == NULL) {
// 		if (CM_Get_Parent(&parent_devinst, devinst, 0) != CR_SUCCESS)
// 			break;
// 		devinst = parent_devinst;
// 		dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, (unsigned long)devinst);
// 	}
//
// 	if ((dev != NULL) && (_parent_devinst != NULL))
// 		*_parent_devinst = devinst;
//
// 	return dev;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Determine which interface the given endpoint address belongs to
//  */
// static int get_interface_by_endpoint(struct libusb_config_descriptor *conf_desc, uint8_t ep)
// {
// 	const struct libusb_interface *intf;
// 	const struct libusb_interface_descriptor *intf_desc;
// 	uint8_t i, k;
// 	int j;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < conf_desc->bNumInterfaces; i++) {
// 		intf = &conf_desc->interface[i];
// 		for (j = 0; j < intf->num_altsetting; j++) {
// 			intf_desc = &intf->altsetting[j];
// 			for (k = 0; k < intf_desc->bNumEndpoints; k++) {
// 				if (intf_desc->endpoint[k].bEndpointAddress == ep) {
// 					usbi_dbg(NULL, "found endpoint %02X on interface %d", intf_desc->bInterfaceNumber, i);
// 					return intf_desc->bInterfaceNumber;
// 				}
// 			}
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(NULL, "endpoint %02X not found on any interface", ep);
// 	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// }
//
// static const struct libusb_interface_descriptor *get_interface_descriptor_by_number(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, struct libusb_config_descriptor *conf_desc, int iface, uint8_t altsetting)
// {
// 	int i;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < conf_desc->bNumInterfaces; i++) {
// 		if (altsetting < conf_desc->interface[i].num_altsetting && conf_desc->interface[i].altsetting[altsetting].bInterfaceNumber == iface) {
// 			return &conf_desc->interface[i].altsetting[altsetting];
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "interface %d with altsetting %d not found for device", iface, (int)altsetting);
// 	return NULL;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Open a device and associate the HANDLE with the context's I/O completion port
//  */
// static HANDLE windows_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, const char *path, DWORD access)
// {
// 	struct libusb_context *ctx = HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle);
// 	struct windows_context_priv *priv = usbi_get_context_priv(ctx);
// 	HANDLE handle;
//
// 	handle = CreateFileA(path, access, FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
// 	if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
// 		return handle;
//
// 	if (CreateIoCompletionPort(handle, priv->completion_port, (ULONG_PTR)dev_handle, 0) == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "failed to associate handle to I/O completion port: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		CloseHandle(handle);
// 		return INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 	}
//
// 	return handle;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Populate the endpoints addresses of the device_priv interface helper structs
//  */
// static int windows_assign_endpoints(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	struct libusb_config_descriptor *conf_desc;
// 	const struct libusb_interface_descriptor *if_desc;
// 	int i, r;
//
// 	r = libusb_get_active_config_descriptor(dev_handle->dev, &conf_desc);
// 	if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
// 		usbi_warn(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not read config descriptor: error %d", r);
// 		return r;
// 	}
//
// 	if_desc = get_interface_descriptor_by_number(dev_handle, conf_desc, iface, altsetting);
// 	if (if_desc == NULL) {
// 		r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 		goto end;
// 	}
//
// 	safe_free(priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint);
//
// 	if (if_desc->bNumEndpoints == 0) {
// 		usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "no endpoints found for interface %u", iface);
// 	} else {
// 		priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint = malloc(if_desc->bNumEndpoints);
// 		if (priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint == NULL) {
// 			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 			goto end;
// 		}
// 		priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints = if_desc->bNumEndpoints;
// 		for (i = 0; i < if_desc->bNumEndpoints; i++) {
// 			priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint[i] = if_desc->endpoint[i].bEndpointAddress;
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "(re)assigned endpoint %02X to interface %u", priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint[i], iface);
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// Extra init may be required to configure endpoints
// 	if (priv->apib->configure_endpoints)
// 		r = priv->apib->configure_endpoints(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle, iface);
//
// 	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 		priv->usb_interface[iface].current_altsetting = altsetting;
//
// end:
// 	libusb_free_config_descriptor(conf_desc);
// 	return r;
// }
//
// // Lookup for a match in the list of API driver names
// // return -1 if not found, driver match number otherwise
// static int get_sub_api(char *driver, int api)
// {
// 	const char sep_str[2] = {LIST_SEPARATOR, 0};
// 	char *tok, *tmp_str;
// 	size_t len = strlen(driver);
// 	int i;
//
// 	if (len == 0)
// 		return SUB_API_NOTSET;
//
// 	tmp_str = _strdup(driver);
// 	if (tmp_str == NULL)
// 		return SUB_API_NOTSET;
//
// 	tok = strtok(tmp_str, sep_str);
// 	while (tok != NULL) {
// 		for (i = 0; i < usb_api_backend[api].nb_driver_names; i++) {
// 			if (_stricmp(tok, usb_api_backend[api].driver_name_list[i]) == 0) {
// 				free(tmp_str);
// 				return i;
// 			}
// 		}
// 		tok = strtok(NULL, sep_str);
// 	}
//
// 	free(tmp_str);
// 	return SUB_API_NOTSET;
// }
//
// /*
//  * auto-claiming and auto-release helper functions
//  */
// static int auto_claim(struct libusb_transfer *transfer, int *interface_number, int api_type)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv =
// 		get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface = *interface_number;
// 	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
//
// 	switch (api_type) {
// 	case USB_API_WINUSBX:
// 	case USB_API_HID:
// 		break;
// 	default:
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_mutex_lock(&autoclaim_lock);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) { // No serviceable interface was found
// 		for (current_interface = 0; current_interface < USB_MAXINTERFACES; current_interface++) {
// 			// Must claim an interface of the same API type
// 			if ((priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->id == api_type)
// 					&& (libusb_claim_interface(transfer->dev_handle, current_interface) == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)) {
// 				usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "auto-claimed interface %d for control request", current_interface);
// 				if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface] != 0)
// 					usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "program assertion failed - autoclaim_count was nonzero");
// 				handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface]++;
// 				break;
// 			}
// 		}
// 		if (current_interface == USB_MAXINTERFACES) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "could not auto-claim any interface");
// 			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		// If we have a valid interface that was autoclaimed, we must increment
// 		// its autoclaim count so that we can prevent an early release.
// 		if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface] != 0)
// 			handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface]++;
// 	}
// 	usbi_mutex_unlock(&autoclaim_lock);
//
// 	*interface_number = current_interface;
// 	return r;
// }
//
// static void auto_release(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	libusb_device_handle *dev_handle = transfer->dev_handle;
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	int r;
//
// 	usbi_mutex_lock(&autoclaim_lock);
// 	if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[transfer_priv->interface_number] > 0) {
// 		handle_priv->autoclaim_count[transfer_priv->interface_number]--;
// 		if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[transfer_priv->interface_number] == 0) {
// 			r = libusb_release_interface(dev_handle, transfer_priv->interface_number);
// 			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 				usbi_dbg(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "auto-released interface %d", transfer_priv->interface_number);
// 			else
// 				usbi_dbg(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "failed to auto-release interface %d (%s)",
// 					transfer_priv->interface_number, libusb_error_name((enum libusb_error)r));
// 		}
// 	}
// 	usbi_mutex_unlock(&autoclaim_lock);
// }
//
// /*
//  * init: libusb backend init function
//  */
// static int winusb_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
// {
// 	int i;
//
// 	// Load DLL imports
// 	if (!init_dlls(ctx)) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not resolve DLL functions");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 	}
//
// 	// Initialize the low level APIs (we don't care about errors at this stage)
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_API_MAX; i++) {
// 		if (usb_api_backend[i].init && !usb_api_backend[i].init(ctx))
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "error initializing %s backend",
// 				usb_api_backend[i].designation);
// 	}
//
// 	// We need a lock for proper auto-release
// 	usbi_mutex_init(&autoclaim_lock);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// /*
// * exit: libusb backend deinitialization function
// */
// static void winusb_exit(struct libusb_context *ctx)
// {
// 	int i;
//
// 	UNUSED(ctx);
//
// 	usbi_mutex_destroy(&autoclaim_lock);
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_API_MAX; i++) {
// 		if (usb_api_backend[i].exit)
// 			usb_api_backend[i].exit();
// 	}
//
// 	exit_dlls();
// }
//
// /*
//  * fetch and cache all the config descriptors through I/O
//  */
// static void cache_config_descriptors(struct libusb_device *dev, HANDLE hub_handle)
// {
// 	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	DWORD size, ret_size;
// 	uint8_t i, num_configurations;
//
// 	USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_SHORT cd_buf_short; // dummy request
// 	PUSB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST cd_buf_actual = NULL;    // actual request
// 	PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR cd_data;
//
// 	num_configurations = dev->device_descriptor.bNumConfigurations;
// 	if (num_configurations == 0)
// 		return;
//
// 	assert(sizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST) == USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST_SIZE);
//
// 	priv->config_descriptor = calloc(num_configurations, sizeof(PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR));
// 	if (priv->config_descriptor == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate configuration descriptor array for '%s'", priv->dev_id);
// 		return;
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i <= num_configurations; i++) {
// 		safe_free(cd_buf_actual);
//
// 		if (i == num_configurations)
// 			break;
//
// 		size = sizeof(cd_buf_short);
// 		memset(&cd_buf_short.desc, 0, sizeof(cd_buf_short.desc));
//
// 		cd_buf_short.req.ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)dev->port_number;
// 		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.bmRequest = LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
// 		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.bRequest = LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR;
// 		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.wValue = (LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG << 8) | i;
// 		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.wIndex = 0;
// 		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.wLength = (USHORT)sizeof(USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR);
//
// 		// Dummy call to get the required data size. Initial failures are reported as info rather
// 		// than error as they can occur for non-penalizing situations, such as with some hubs.
// 		// coverity[tainted_data_argument]
// 		if (!DeviceIoControl(hub_handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION, &cd_buf_short, size,
// 			&cd_buf_short, size, &ret_size, NULL)) {
// 			usbi_info(ctx, "could not access configuration descriptor %u (dummy) for '%s': %s", i, priv->dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		if ((ret_size != size) || (cd_buf_short.desc.wTotalLength < sizeof(USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR))) {
// 			usbi_info(ctx, "unexpected configuration descriptor %u size (dummy) for '%s'", i, priv->dev_id);
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		size = sizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST) + cd_buf_short.desc.wTotalLength;
// 		cd_buf_actual = malloc(size);
// 		if (cd_buf_actual == NULL) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate configuration descriptor %u buffer for '%s'", i, priv->dev_id);
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		// Actual call
// 		cd_buf_actual->ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)dev->port_number;
// 		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.bmRequest = LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
// 		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.bRequest = LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR;
// 		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.wValue = (LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG << 8) | i;
// 		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.wIndex = 0;
// 		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.wLength = cd_buf_short.desc.wTotalLength;
//
// 		if (!DeviceIoControl(hub_handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION, cd_buf_actual, size,
// 			cd_buf_actual, size, &ret_size, NULL)) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access configuration descriptor %u (actual) for '%s': %s", i, priv->dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		cd_data = (PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR)((UCHAR *)cd_buf_actual + USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST_SIZE);
//
// 		if ((size != ret_size) || (cd_data->wTotalLength != cd_buf_short.desc.wTotalLength)) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "unexpected configuration descriptor %u size (actual) for '%s'", i, priv->dev_id);
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		if (cd_data->bDescriptorType != LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "descriptor %u not a configuration descriptor for '%s'", i, priv->dev_id);
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		usbi_dbg(ctx, "cached config descriptor %u (bConfigurationValue=%u, %u bytes)",
// 			i, cd_data->bConfigurationValue, cd_data->wTotalLength);
//
// 		// Cache the descriptor
// 		priv->config_descriptor[i] = cd_data;
// 		cd_buf_actual = NULL;
// 	}
// }
//
// #define ROOT_HUB_FS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH		0x19
// #define ROOT_HUB_HS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH		0x19
// #define ROOT_HUB_SS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH		0x1f
// #define CONFIG_DESC_WTOTAL_LENGTH_OFFSET	0x02
// #define CONFIG_DESC_EP_MAX_PACKET_OFFSET	0x16
// #define CONFIG_DESC_EP_BINTERVAL_OFFSET		0x18
//
// static const uint8_t root_hub_config_descriptor_template[] = {
// 	// Configuration Descriptor
// 	LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE,		// bLength
// 	LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG,		// bDescriptorType
// 	0x00, 0x00,			// wTotalLength (filled in)
// 	0x01,				// bNumInterfaces
// 	0x01,				// bConfigurationValue
// 	0x00,				// iConfiguration
// 	0xc0,				// bmAttributes (reserved + self-powered)
// 	0x00,				// bMaxPower
// 	// Interface Descriptor
// 	LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE,	// bLength
// 	LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE,		// bDescriptorType
// 	0x00,				// bInterfaceNumber
// 	0x00,				// bAlternateSetting
// 	0x01,				// bNumEndpoints
// 	LIBUSB_CLASS_HUB,		// bInterfaceClass
// 	0x00,				// bInterfaceSubClass
// 	0x00,				// bInterfaceProtocol
// 	0x00,				// iInterface
// 	// Endpoint Descriptor
// 	LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE,	// bLength
// 	LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT,		// bDescriptorType
// 	0x81,				// bEndpointAddress
// 	0x03,				// bmAttributes (Interrupt)
// 	0x00, 0x00,			// wMaxPacketSize (filled in)
// 	0x00,				// bInterval (filled in)
// 	// SuperSpeed Endpoint Companion Descriptor
// 	LIBUSB_DT_SS_ENDPOINT_COMPANION_SIZE,	// bLength
// 	LIBUSB_DT_SS_ENDPOINT_COMPANION,	// bDescriptorType
// 	0x00,					// bMaxBurst
// 	0x00,					// bmAttributes
// 	0x02, 0x00				// wBytesPerInterval
// };
//
// static int alloc_root_hub_config_desc(struct libusb_device *dev, ULONG num_ports,
// 	uint8_t config_desc_length, uint8_t ep_interval)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	uint8_t *ptr;
//
// 	priv->config_descriptor = malloc(sizeof(*priv->config_descriptor));
// 	if (priv->config_descriptor == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
//
// 	// Most config descriptors come from cache_config_descriptors() which obtains the
// 	// descriptors from the hub using an allocated USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST structure.
// 	// To avoid an extra malloc + memcpy we just hold on to the USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST
// 	// structure we already have and back up the pointer in windows_device_priv_release()
// 	// when freeing the descriptors. To keep a single execution path, we need to offset
// 	// the pointer here by the same amount.
// 	ptr = malloc(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST_SIZE + config_desc_length);
// 	if (ptr == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
//
// 	ptr += USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST_SIZE;
//
// 	memcpy(ptr, root_hub_config_descriptor_template, config_desc_length);
// 	ptr[CONFIG_DESC_WTOTAL_LENGTH_OFFSET] = config_desc_length;
// 	ptr[CONFIG_DESC_EP_MAX_PACKET_OFFSET] = (uint8_t)((num_ports + 7) / 8);
// 	ptr[CONFIG_DESC_EP_BINTERVAL_OFFSET] = ep_interval;
//
// 	priv->config_descriptor[0] = (PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR)ptr;
// 	priv->active_config = 1;
//
// 	return 0;
// }
//
// static int init_root_hub(struct libusb_device *dev)
// {
// 	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX conn_info;
// 	USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX_V2 conn_info_v2;
// 	USB_NODE_INFORMATION hub_info;
// 	enum libusb_speed speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_UNKNOWN;
// 	uint8_t config_desc_length;
// 	uint8_t ep_interval;
// 	HANDLE handle;
// 	ULONG port_number, num_ports;
// 	DWORD size;
// 	int r;
//
// 	// Determining the speed of a root hub is painful. Microsoft does not directly report the speed
// 	// capabilities of the root hub itself, only its ports and/or connected devices. Therefore we
// 	// are forced to query each individual port of the root hub to try and infer the root hub's
// 	// speed. Note that we have to query all ports because the presence of a device on that port
// 	// changes if/how Windows returns any useful speed information.
// 	handle = CreateFileA(priv->path, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
// 	if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not open root hub %s: %s", priv->path, windows_error_str(0));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	if (!DeviceIoControl(handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_INFORMATION, NULL, 0, &hub_info, sizeof(hub_info), &size, NULL)) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get root hub info for '%s': %s", priv->dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 		CloseHandle(handle);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	num_ports = hub_info.u.HubInformation.HubDescriptor.bNumberOfPorts;
// 	usbi_dbg(ctx, "root hub '%s' reports %lu ports", priv->dev_id, ULONG_CAST(num_ports));
//
// 	if (windows_version >= WINDOWS_8) {
// 		// Windows 8 and later is better at reporting the speed capabilities of the root hub,
// 		// but it is not perfect. If no device is attached to the port being queried, the
// 		// returned information will only indicate whether that port supports USB 3.0 signalling.
// 		// That is not enough information to distinguish between SuperSpeed and SuperSpeed Plus.
// 		for (port_number = 1; port_number <= num_ports; port_number++) {
// 			conn_info_v2.ConnectionIndex = port_number;
// 			conn_info_v2.Length = sizeof(conn_info_v2);
// 			conn_info_v2.SupportedUsbProtocols.Usb300 = 1;
// 			if (!DeviceIoControl(handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX_V2,
// 				&conn_info_v2, sizeof(conn_info_v2), &conn_info_v2, sizeof(conn_info_v2), &size, NULL)) {
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get node connection information (V2) for root hub '%s' port %lu: %s",
// 					priv->dev_id, ULONG_CAST(port_number), windows_error_str(0));
// 				break;
// 			}
//
// 			if (conn_info_v2.Flags.DeviceIsSuperSpeedPlusCapableOrHigher)
// 				speed = MAX(speed, LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS);
// 			else if (conn_info_v2.Flags.DeviceIsSuperSpeedCapableOrHigher || conn_info_v2.SupportedUsbProtocols.Usb300)
// 				speed = MAX(speed, LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER);
// 			else if (conn_info_v2.SupportedUsbProtocols.Usb200)
// 				speed = MAX(speed, LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH);
// 			else
// 				speed = MAX(speed, LIBUSB_SPEED_FULL);
// 		}
//
// 		if (speed != LIBUSB_SPEED_UNKNOWN)
// 			goto make_descriptors;
// 	}
//
// 	// At this point the speed is still not known, most likely because we are executing on
// 	// Windows 7 or earlier. The following hackery peeks into the root hub's Device ID and
// 	// tries to extract speed information from it, based on observed naming conventions.
// 	// If this does not work, we will query individual ports of the root hub.
// 	if (strstr(priv->dev_id, "ROOT_HUB31") != NULL)
// 		speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS;
// 	else if (strstr(priv->dev_id, "ROOT_HUB30") != NULL)
// 		speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER;
// 	else if (strstr(priv->dev_id, "ROOT_HUB20") != NULL)
// 		speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH;
//
// 	if (speed != LIBUSB_SPEED_UNKNOWN)
// 		goto make_descriptors;
//
// 	// Windows only reports speed information about a connected device. This means that a root
// 	// hub with no connected devices or devices that are all operating at a speed less than the
// 	// highest speed that the root hub supports will not give us the correct speed.
// 	for (port_number = 1; port_number <= num_ports; port_number++) {
// 		conn_info.ConnectionIndex = port_number;
// 		if (!DeviceIoControl(handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX, &conn_info, sizeof(conn_info),
// 			&conn_info, sizeof(conn_info), &size, NULL)) {
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get node connection information for root hub '%s' port %lu: %s",
// 				priv->dev_id, ULONG_CAST(port_number), windows_error_str(0));
// 			continue;
// 		}
//
// 		if (conn_info.ConnectionStatus != DeviceConnected)
// 			continue;
//
// 		if (conn_info.Speed == UsbHighSpeed) {
// 			speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH;
// 			break;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// make_descriptors:
// 	CloseHandle(handle);
//
// 	dev->device_descriptor.bLength = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE;
// 	dev->device_descriptor.bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE;
// 	dev->device_descriptor.bDeviceClass = LIBUSB_CLASS_HUB;
// 	if ((dev->device_descriptor.idVendor == 0) && (dev->device_descriptor.idProduct == 0)) {
// 		dev->device_descriptor.idVendor = 0x1d6b;	// Linux Foundation
// 		dev->device_descriptor.idProduct = (uint16_t)speed;
// 	}
// 	dev->device_descriptor.bcdDevice = 0x0100;
// 	dev->device_descriptor.bNumConfigurations = 1;
//
// 	switch (speed) {
// 	case LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bcdUSB = 0x0310;
// 		config_desc_length = ROOT_HUB_SS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH;
// 		ep_interval = 0x0c;	// 256ms
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER:
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bcdUSB = 0x0300;
// 		config_desc_length = ROOT_HUB_SS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH;
// 		ep_interval = 0x0c;	// 256ms
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH:
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bcdUSB = 0x0200;
// 		config_desc_length = ROOT_HUB_HS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH;
// 		ep_interval = 0x0c;	// 256ms
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_SPEED_LOW:		// Not used, but keeps compiler happy
// 	case LIBUSB_SPEED_UNKNOWN:
// 		// This case means absolutely no information about this root hub was determined.
// 		// There is not much choice than to be pessimistic and label this as a
// 		// full-speed device.
// 		speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_FULL;
// 		// fallthrough
// 	case LIBUSB_SPEED_FULL:
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bcdUSB = 0x0110;
// 		config_desc_length = ROOT_HUB_FS_CONFIG_DESC_LENGTH;
// 		ep_interval = 0xff;	// 255ms
// 		break;
// 	default:			// Impossible, buts keeps compiler happy
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - unknown root hub speed");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	if (speed >= LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER) {
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bDeviceProtocol = 0x03;	// USB 3.0 Hub
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bMaxPacketSize0 = 0x09;	// 2^9 bytes
// 	} else {
// 		dev->device_descriptor.bMaxPacketSize0 = 0x40;	// 64 bytes
// 	}
//
// 	dev->speed = speed;
//
// 	r = alloc_root_hub_config_desc(dev, num_ports, config_desc_length, ep_interval);
// 	if (r)
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate config descriptor for root hub '%s'", priv->dev_id);
//
// 	return r;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Populate a libusb device structure
//  */
// static int init_device(struct libusb_device *dev, struct libusb_device *parent_dev,
// 	uint8_t port_number, DEVINST devinst)
// {
// 	struct libusb_context *ctx = NULL;
// 	struct libusb_device *tmp_dev;
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv, *parent_priv, *tmp_priv;
// 	USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX conn_info;
// 	USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX_V2 conn_info_v2;
// 	HANDLE hub_handle;
// 	DWORD size;
// 	uint8_t bus_number, depth;
// 	int r;
//
// 	priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
//
// 	// If the device is already initialized, we can stop here
// 	if (priv->initialized)
// 		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
//
// 	if (parent_dev != NULL) { // Not a HCD root hub
// 		ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
// 		parent_priv = usbi_get_device_priv(parent_dev);
// 		if (parent_priv->apib->id != USB_API_HUB) {
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "parent for device '%s' is not a hub", priv->dev_id);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 		}
//
// 		// Calculate depth and fetch bus number
// 		bus_number = parent_dev->bus_number;
// 		if (bus_number == 0) {
// 			tmp_dev = get_ancestor(ctx, devinst, &devinst);
// 			if (tmp_dev != parent_dev) {
// 				usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - first ancestor is not parent");
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 			}
// 			libusb_unref_device(tmp_dev);
//
// 			for (depth = 1; bus_number == 0; depth++) {
// 				tmp_dev = get_ancestor(ctx, devinst, &devinst);
// 				if (tmp_dev == NULL) {
// 					usbi_warn(ctx, "ancestor for device '%s' not found at depth %u", priv->dev_id, depth);
// 					return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 				}
// 				if (tmp_dev->bus_number != 0) {
// 					bus_number = tmp_dev->bus_number;
// 					tmp_priv = usbi_get_device_priv(tmp_dev);
// 					depth += tmp_priv->depth;
// 				}
// 				libusb_unref_device(tmp_dev);
// 			}
// 		} else {
// 			depth = parent_priv->depth + 1;
// 		}
//
// 		if (bus_number == 0) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - bus number not found for '%s'", priv->dev_id);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 		}
//
// 		dev->bus_number = bus_number;
// 		dev->port_number = port_number;
// 		dev->parent_dev = parent_dev;
// 		priv->depth = depth;
//
// 		hub_handle = CreateFileA(parent_priv->path, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
// 		if (hub_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "could not open hub %s: %s", parent_priv->path, windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 		}
//
// 		conn_info.ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)port_number;
// 		// coverity[tainted_data_argument]
//
// 		if (!DeviceIoControl(hub_handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX, &conn_info, sizeof(conn_info),
// 			&conn_info, sizeof(conn_info), &size, NULL)) {
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get node connection information for device '%s': %s",
// 				priv->dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 			CloseHandle(hub_handle);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 		}
//
// 		if (conn_info.ConnectionStatus == NoDeviceConnected) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "device '%s' is no longer connected!", priv->dev_id);
// 			CloseHandle(hub_handle);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 		}
//
// 		if ((conn_info.DeviceDescriptor.bLength != LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE)
// 			|| (conn_info.DeviceDescriptor.bDescriptorType != LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE)) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "device '%s' has invalid descriptor!", priv->dev_id);
// 			CloseHandle(hub_handle);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 		}
//
// 		static_assert(sizeof(dev->device_descriptor) == sizeof(conn_info.DeviceDescriptor),
// 			      "mismatch between libusb and OS device descriptor sizes");
// 		memcpy(&dev->device_descriptor, &conn_info.DeviceDescriptor, LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE);
// 		usbi_localize_device_descriptor(&dev->device_descriptor);
//
// 		if (conn_info.CurrentConfigurationValue == 0) {
// 			usbi_dbg(ctx, "found %u configurations for device '%s' but device is not configured (i.e. current config: 0), ignoring it",
// 				dev->device_descriptor.bNumConfigurations,
// 				priv->dev_id);
// 			CloseHandle(hub_handle);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 		}
//
// 		priv->active_config = conn_info.CurrentConfigurationValue;
// 		usbi_dbg(ctx, "found %u configurations (current config: %u) for device '%s'",
// 			dev->device_descriptor.bNumConfigurations, priv->active_config,	priv->dev_id);
//
// 		// Cache as many config descriptors as we can
// 		cache_config_descriptors(dev, hub_handle);
//
// 		// In their great wisdom, Microsoft decided to BREAK the USB speed report between Windows 7 and Windows 8
// 		if (windows_version >= WINDOWS_8) {
// 			conn_info_v2.ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)port_number;
// 			conn_info_v2.Length = sizeof(USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX_V2);
// 			conn_info_v2.SupportedUsbProtocols.Usb300 = 1;
// 			if (!DeviceIoControl(hub_handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION_EX_V2,
// 				&conn_info_v2, sizeof(conn_info_v2), &conn_info_v2, sizeof(conn_info_v2), &size, NULL)) {
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get node connection information (V2) for device '%s': %s",
// 					priv->dev_id,  windows_error_str(0));
// 			} else if (conn_info_v2.Flags.DeviceIsOperatingAtSuperSpeedPlusOrHigher) {
// 				conn_info.Speed = UsbSuperSpeedPlus;
// 			} else if (conn_info_v2.Flags.DeviceIsOperatingAtSuperSpeedOrHigher) {
// 				conn_info.Speed = UsbSuperSpeed;
// 			}
// 		}
//
// 		CloseHandle(hub_handle);
//
// 		if (conn_info.DeviceAddress > UINT8_MAX)
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - device address overflow");
//
// 		dev->device_address = (uint8_t)conn_info.DeviceAddress;
//
// 		switch (conn_info.Speed) {
// 		case UsbLowSpeed: dev->speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_LOW; break;
// 		case UsbFullSpeed: dev->speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_FULL; break;
// 		case UsbHighSpeed: dev->speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH; break;
// 		case UsbSuperSpeed: dev->speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER; break;
// 		case UsbSuperSpeedPlus: dev->speed = LIBUSB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS; break;
// 		default:
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "unknown device speed %u", conn_info.Speed);
// 			break;
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		r = init_root_hub(dev);
// 		if (r)
// 			return r;
// 	}
//
// 	r = usbi_sanitize_device(dev);
// 	if (r)
// 		return r;
//
// 	priv->initialized = true;
//
// 	usbi_dbg(ctx, "(bus: %u, addr: %u, depth: %u, port: %u): '%s'",
// 		dev->bus_number, dev->device_address, priv->depth, dev->port_number, priv->dev_id);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static bool get_dev_port_number(HDEVINFO dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data, DWORD *port_nr)
// {
// 	char buffer[MAX_KEY_LENGTH];
// 	DWORD size;
//
// 	// First try SPDRP_LOCATION_INFORMATION, which returns a REG_SZ. The string *may* have a format
// 	// similar to "Port_#0002.Hub_#000D", in which case we can extract the port number. However, we
// 	// cannot extract the port if the returned string does not follow this format.
// 	if (pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(dev_info, dev_info_data, SPDRP_LOCATION_INFORMATION,
// 			NULL, (PBYTE)buffer, sizeof(buffer), NULL)) {
// 		// Check for the required format.
// 		if (strncmp(buffer, "Port_#", 6) == 0) {
// 			*port_nr = atoi(buffer + 6);
// 			return true;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// Next try SPDRP_LOCATION_PATHS, which returns a REG_MULTI_SZ (but we only examine the first
// 	// string in it). Each path has a format similar to,
// 	// "PCIROOT(B2)#PCI(0300)#PCI(0000)#USBROOT(0)#USB(1)#USB(2)#USBMI(3)", and the port number is
// 	// the number within the last "USB(x)" token.
// 	if (pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(dev_info, dev_info_data, SPDRP_LOCATION_PATHS,
// 			NULL, (PBYTE)buffer, sizeof(buffer), NULL)) {
// 		// Find the last "#USB(x)" substring
// 		for (char *token = strrchr(buffer, '#'); token != NULL; token = strrchr(buffer, '#')) {
// 			if (strncmp(token, "#USB(", 5) == 0) {
// 				*port_nr = atoi(token + 5);
// 				return true;
// 			}
// 			// Shorten the string and try again.
// 			*token = '\0';
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// Lastly, try SPDRP_ADDRESS, which returns a REG_DWORD. The address *may* be the port number,
// 	// which is true for the Microsoft driver but may not be true for other drivers. However, we
// 	// have no other options here but to accept what it returns.
// 	return pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(dev_info, dev_info_data, SPDRP_ADDRESS,
// 			NULL, (PBYTE)port_nr, sizeof(*port_nr), &size) && (size == sizeof(*port_nr));
// }
//
// static int enumerate_hcd_root_hub(struct libusb_context *ctx, const char *dev_id,
// 	DEVINST devinst)
// {
// 	DEVINST child_devinst;
// 	struct libusb_device* dev;
//
// 	if (CM_Get_Child(&child_devinst, devinst, 0) != CR_SUCCESS) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get child devinst for '%s'", dev_id);
// 		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, (unsigned long)child_devinst);
// 	if (dev == NULL) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "HCD '%s' child not found", dev_id);
// 		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	if (sscanf(dev_id, "PCI\\VEN_%04hx&DEV_%04hx%*s", &dev->device_descriptor.idVendor, &dev->device_descriptor.idProduct) != 2)
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "could not infer VID/PID of HCD from '%s'", dev_id);
// 	libusb_unref_device(dev);
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// // Returns the api type, or 0 if not found/unsupported
// static void get_api_type(HDEVINFO *dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data,
// 	int *api, int *sub_api)
// {
// 	// Precedence for filter drivers vs driver is in the order of this array
// 	struct driver_lookup lookup[3] = {
// 		{"\0\0", SPDRP_SERVICE, "driver"},
// 		{"\0\0", SPDRP_UPPERFILTERS, "upper filter driver"},
// 		{"\0\0", SPDRP_LOWERFILTERS, "lower filter driver"}
// 	};
// 	DWORD size, reg_type;
// 	unsigned k, l;
// 	int i, j;
//
// 	// Check the service & filter names to know the API we should use
// 	for (k = 0; k < 3; k++) {
// 		if (pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(*dev_info, dev_info_data, lookup[k].reg_prop,
// 			&reg_type, (PBYTE)lookup[k].list, MAX_KEY_LENGTH, &size)) {
// 			// Turn the REG_SZ SPDRP_SERVICE into REG_MULTI_SZ
// 			if (lookup[k].reg_prop == SPDRP_SERVICE)
// 				// our buffers are MAX_KEY_LENGTH + 1 so we can overflow if needed
// 				lookup[k].list[strlen(lookup[k].list) + 1] = 0;
//
// 			// MULTI_SZ is a pain to work with. Turn it into something much more manageable
// 			// NB: none of the driver names we check against contain LIST_SEPARATOR,
// 			// (currently ';'), so even if an unsupported one does, it's not an issue
// 			for (l = 0; (lookup[k].list[l] != 0) || (lookup[k].list[l + 1] != 0); l++) {
// 				if (lookup[k].list[l] == 0)
// 					lookup[k].list[l] = LIST_SEPARATOR;
// 			}
// 			usbi_dbg(NULL, "%s(s): %s", lookup[k].designation, lookup[k].list);
// 		} else {
// 			if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INVALID_DATA)
// 				usbi_dbg(NULL, "could not access %s: %s", lookup[k].designation, windows_error_str(0));
// 			lookup[k].list[0] = 0;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 2; i < USB_API_MAX; i++) {
// 		for (k = 0; k < 3; k++) {
// 			j = get_sub_api(lookup[k].list, i);
// 			if (j >= 0) {
// 				usbi_dbg(NULL, "matched %s name against %s", lookup[k].designation,
// 					(i != USB_API_WINUSBX) ? usb_api_backend[i].designation : usb_api_backend[i].driver_name_list[j]);
// 				*api = i;
// 				*sub_api = j;
// 				return;
// 			}
// 		}
// 	}
// }
//
// static int set_composite_interface(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct libusb_device *dev,
// 	char *dev_interface_path, char *device_id, int api, int sub_api)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	int interface_number;
// 	const char *mi_str;
// 	int iadi, iadintfi;
// 	char* endptr;
// 	struct libusb_interface_association_descriptor_array *iad_array;
// 	const struct libusb_interface_association_descriptor *iad;
//
// 	// Because MI_## are not necessarily in sequential order (some composite
// 	// devices will have only MI_00 & MI_03 for instance), we retrieve the actual
// 	// interface number from the path's MI value
// 	mi_str = strstr(device_id, "MI_");
//
// 	endptr = NULL;
// 	// This initialization, while redundant, is needed to make MSVC happy
// 	interface_number = -1;
//
// 	if (mi_str != NULL) {
// 		interface_number = strtoul(&mi_str[3], &endptr, 16);
// 	}
//
// 	if (mi_str == NULL || endptr - &mi_str[3] != 2) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "failure to read interface number for %s, using default value", device_id);
// 		interface_number = 0;
// 	}
//
// 	if (interface_number >= USB_MAXINTERFACES) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "interface %d too large - ignoring interface path %s", interface_number, dev_interface_path);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	if (priv->usb_interface[interface_number].path != NULL) {
// 		if (api == USB_API_HID) {
// 			// HID devices can have multiple collections (COL##) for each MI_## interface
// 			usbi_dbg(ctx, "interface[%d] already set - ignoring HID collection: %s",
// 				interface_number, device_id);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 		}
// 		// In other cases, just use the latest data
// 		safe_free(priv->usb_interface[interface_number].path);
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(ctx, "interface[%d] = %s", interface_number, dev_interface_path);
// 	priv->usb_interface[interface_number].path = dev_interface_path;
// 	priv->usb_interface[interface_number].apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
// 	priv->usb_interface[interface_number].sub_api = sub_api;
// 	if ((api == USB_API_HID) && (priv->hid == NULL)) {
// 		priv->hid = calloc(1, sizeof(struct hid_device_priv));
// 		if (priv->hid == NULL)
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 	}
//
// 	// For WinUSBX, set up associations for interfaces grouped by an IAD
// 	if ((api == USB_API_WINUSBX) && !libusb_get_active_interface_association_descriptors(dev, &iad_array)) {
// 		for (iadi = 0; iadi < iad_array->length; iadi++) {
// 			iad = &iad_array->iad[iadi];
// 			if (iad->bFirstInterface == interface_number) {
// 				priv->usb_interface[interface_number].num_associated_interfaces = iad->bInterfaceCount;
// 				priv->usb_interface[interface_number].first_associated_interface = iad->bFirstInterface;
// 				for (iadintfi = 1; iadintfi < iad->bInterfaceCount; iadintfi++) {
// 					usbi_dbg(ctx, "interface[%d] is associated with interface[%d]",
// 							      interface_number + iadintfi, interface_number);
// 					priv->usb_interface[interface_number + iadintfi].apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
// 					priv->usb_interface[interface_number + iadintfi].sub_api = sub_api;
// 					priv->usb_interface[interface_number + iadintfi].num_associated_interfaces = iad->bInterfaceCount;
// 					priv->usb_interface[interface_number + iadintfi].first_associated_interface = iad->bFirstInterface;
// 				}
// 				break;
// 			}
// 		}
// 		libusb_free_interface_association_descriptors(iad_array);
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int set_hid_interface(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct libusb_device *dev,
// 	char *dev_interface_path)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	uint8_t i;
//
// 	if (priv->hid == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - parent is not HID");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 	} else if (priv->hid->nb_interfaces == USB_MAXINTERFACES) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - max USB interfaces reached for HID device");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < priv->hid->nb_interfaces; i++) {
// 		if ((priv->usb_interface[i].path != NULL) && strcmp(priv->usb_interface[i].path, dev_interface_path) == 0) {
// 			usbi_dbg(ctx, "interface[%u] already set to %s", i, dev_interface_path);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	priv->usb_interface[priv->hid->nb_interfaces].path = dev_interface_path;
// 	priv->usb_interface[priv->hid->nb_interfaces].apib = &usb_api_backend[USB_API_HID];
// 	usbi_dbg(ctx, "interface[%u] = %s", priv->hid->nb_interfaces, dev_interface_path);
// 	priv->hid->nb_interfaces++;
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// // get the n-th device interface GUID indexed by guid_number
// static int get_guid(struct libusb_context *ctx, char *dev_id, HDEVINFO *dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data,
// 					int guid_number, GUID **if_guid)
// {
// 	DWORD size, reg_type;
// 	HKEY key;
// 	char *guid_string, *new_guid_string;
// 	char *guid, *guid_term;
// 	LONG s;
// 	int pass, guids_left;
// 	int err = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// #if !defined(ENABLE_LOGGING)
// 	UNUSED(dev_id);
// #endif
//
// 	key = pSetupDiOpenDevRegKey(*dev_info, dev_info_data, DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL, 0, DIREG_DEV, KEY_READ);
// 	if (key == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "Cannot get the additional GUIDs for '%s'", dev_id);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 	}
// 	// Reserve buffer large enough to hold one GUID with two terminating characters
// 	size = MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH + 1;
// 	// Allocate memory for storing the guid_string with two extra terminating characters
// 	// This is necessary for parsing the REG_MULTI_SZ type below
// 	guid_string = malloc(size + 2);
// 	if (guid_string == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "failed to alloc guid_string");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 	}
//
// 	// The 1st pass tries to get the guid. If it fails due to ERROR_MORE_DATA
// 	// then reallocate enough memory for the 2nd pass
// 	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
// 		// Look for both DeviceInterfaceGUIDs *and* DeviceInterfaceGUID, in that order
// 		// If multiple GUIDs, find the n-th that is indexed by guid_number
// 		s = pRegQueryValueExA(key, "DeviceInterfaceGUIDs", NULL, &reg_type,
// 				      (LPBYTE)guid_string, &size);
// 		if (s == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND)
// 			s = pRegQueryValueExA(key, "DeviceInterfaceGUID", NULL, &reg_type,
// 					      (LPBYTE)guid_string, &size);
// 		if (s == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
// 			// The GUID was read successfully
// 			break;
// 		} else if (s == ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
// 			usbi_info(ctx, "no DeviceInterfaceGUID registered for '%s'", dev_id);
// 			err = LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 			goto exit;
// 		} else if (s == ERROR_MORE_DATA) {
// 			if (pass == 1) {
// 				// Previous pass should have allocated enough memory, but reading failed
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "unexpected error from pRegQueryValueExA for '%s'", dev_id);
// 				err = LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 				goto exit;
// 			}
// 			new_guid_string = realloc((void *)guid_string, size + 2);
// 			if (new_guid_string == NULL) {
// 				usbi_err(ctx, "failed to realloc guid string");
// 				err = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 				goto exit;
// 			}
// 			guid_string = new_guid_string;
// 		} else {
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "unexpected error from pRegQueryValueExA for '%s'", dev_id);
// 			err = LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 			goto exit;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winreg/nf-winreg-regqueryvalueexa#remarks
// 	// - "string may not have been stored with the proper terminating null characters"
// 	// - The following GUIDs should be consider as valid:
// 	// "{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx}\0", "{xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx}",
// 	// "{xxx.....xx}\0\0\0", "{xxx.....xx}\0{xxx.....xx}\0{xxx.....xx}\0",
// 	// "{xxx.....xx}\0{xxx.....xx}\0{xxx.....xx}", "{xxx.....xx}{xxx.....xx}{xxx.....xx}",
// 	// "{xxx.....xx}\0{xxx.....xx}\0{xxx.....xx}\0\0\0\0"
// 	if ((reg_type == REG_SZ ) || (reg_type == REG_MULTI_SZ)) {
// 		/* Get the n-th GUID indexed by guid_number since the DeviceInterfaceGUIDs may
// 		   contain more GUIDs */
// 		guid = guid_string;
// 		// Add two terminating chars for not overrunning the allocated memory while iterating
// 		guid[size] = '\0';
// 		guid[size + 1] = '\0';
// 		// Iterate the GUIDs in the guid string
// 		guids_left = guid_number;
// 		while (guids_left) {
// 			guid = strchr(guid, '}');
// 			if (guid == NULL) {
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "no GUID with index %d registered for '%s'", guid_number, dev_id);
// 				err = LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 				goto exit;
// 			}
// 			guid++;
// 			// Skip the terminating char if available
// 			if (*guid == '\0') {
// 				guid++;
// 			}
// 			guids_left--;
// 		}
// 		// Add terminating char to the string
// 		guid_term = strchr(guid, '}');
// 		if (guid_term == NULL) {
// 			usbi_warn(ctx, "no GUID with index %d registered for '%s'", guid_number, dev_id);
// 			err = LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 			goto exit;
// 		}
// 		// Terminate the current guid string to handle the variant without separators
// 		guid_term++;
// 		*guid_term = '\0';
// 	} else {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "unexpected type of DeviceInterfaceGUID for '%s'", dev_id);
// 		err = LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 		goto exit;
// 	}
//
// 	*if_guid = malloc(sizeof(GUID));
// 	if (*if_guid == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "failed to alloc if_guid");
// 		err = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 		goto exit;
// 	}
// 	if (!string_to_guid(guid, *if_guid)) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "device '%s' has malformed DeviceInterfaceGUID string '%s', skipping", dev_id, guid);
// 		free(*if_guid);
// 		*if_guid = NULL;
// 		err = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 		goto exit;
// 	}
//
// exit:
// 	pRegCloseKey(key);
// 	free(guid_string);
// 	return err;
// }
//
// /*
//  * get_device_list: libusb backend device enumeration function
//  */
// static int winusb_get_device_list(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct discovered_devs **_discdevs)
// {
// 	struct discovered_devs *discdevs;
// 	HDEVINFO *dev_info, dev_info_intf, dev_info_enum;
// 	SP_DEVINFO_DATA dev_info_data;
// 	DWORD _index = 0;
// 	GUID hid_guid;
// 	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	int api, sub_api;
// 	unsigned int pass, pass_type, i, j;
// 	char enumerator[16];
// 	char dev_id[MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
// 	struct libusb_device *dev, *parent_dev;
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv, *parent_priv;
// 	char *dev_interface_path = NULL;
// 	unsigned long session_id;
// 	DWORD size, port_nr, install_state;
// 	uint8_t bus_number = 0;
// #if defined(ENABLE_LOGGING)
// 	char guid_string[MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH];
// #endif
// 	GUID *if_guid;
// #define HUB_PASS 0
// #define DEV_PASS 1
// #define HCD_PASS 2
// #define GEN_PASS 3
// #define HID_PASS 4
// #define EXT_PASS 5
// 	// Keep a list of guids that will be enumerated
// #define GUID_SIZE_STEP 8
// 	const GUID **guid_list, **new_guid_list;
// 	unsigned int guid_size = GUID_SIZE_STEP;
// 	unsigned int nb_guids;
// 	// Keep a list of PnP enumerator strings that are found
// 	const char *usb_enumerator[8] = { "USB" };
// 	unsigned int nb_usb_enumerators = 1;
// 	unsigned int usb_enum_index = 0;
// 	// Keep a list of newly allocated devs to unref
// #define UNREF_SIZE_STEP 16
// 	libusb_device **unref_list, **new_unref_list;
// 	unsigned int unref_size = UNREF_SIZE_STEP;
// 	unsigned int unref_cur = 0;
// 	DWORD hub_port_nr;
//
// 	// PASS 0 : enumerate HUBs
// 	// PASS 1 : (re)enumerate master devices that have a DEVice interface
// 	// PASS 2 : (re)enumerate HCDs (allow for HCD hotplug)
// 	// PASS 3 : (re)enumerate GENeric devices (including driverless)
// 	//           and list additional device interface GUIDs to explore
// 	// PASS 4 : (re)enumerate device interface GUIDs (including HID)
// 	//           and set the device interfaces
// 	// PASS 5+: (re)enumerate additional EXTra GUID devices
//
// 	// Init the GUID table
// 	guid_list = malloc(guid_size * sizeof(void *));
// 	if (guid_list == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "failed to alloc guid list");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 	}
//
// 	guid_list[HUB_PASS] = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HUB;
// 	guid_list[DEV_PASS] = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE;
// 	guid_list[HCD_PASS] = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HOST_CONTROLLER;
// 	guid_list[GEN_PASS] = NULL;
// 	if (HidD_GetHidGuid != NULL) {
// 		HidD_GetHidGuid(&hid_guid);
// 		guid_list[HID_PASS] = &hid_guid;
// 	} else {
// 		guid_list[HID_PASS] = NULL;
// 	}
// 	nb_guids = EXT_PASS;
//
// 	unref_list = malloc(unref_size * sizeof(void *));
// 	if (unref_list == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "failed to alloc unref list");
// 		free((void *)guid_list);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 	}
//
// 	dev_info_intf = pSetupDiGetClassDevsA(NULL, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_ALLCLASSES | DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
// 	if (dev_info_intf == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 		usbi_err(ctx, "failed to obtain device info list: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		free(unref_list);
// 		free((void *)guid_list);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 	}
//
// 	for (pass = 0; ((pass < nb_guids) && (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)); pass++) {
// 		pass_type = MIN(pass, EXT_PASS);
// #if defined(ENABLE_LOGGING)
// 		const char * const passname[] = {"HUB", "DEV", "HCD", "GEN", "HID", "EXT"};
// 		usbi_dbg(ctx, "ENUM pass %s %s", passname[pass_type], guid_to_string(guid_list[pass], guid_string));
// #endif
// 		if ((pass == HID_PASS) && (guid_list[HID_PASS] == NULL))
// 			continue;
//
// 		dev_info = (pass != GEN_PASS) ? &dev_info_intf : &dev_info_enum;
//
// 		for (i = 0; ; i++) {
// 			// safe loop: free up any (unprotected) dynamic resource
// 			// NB: this is always executed before breaking the loop
// 			safe_free(dev_interface_path);
// 			priv = parent_priv = NULL;
// 			dev = parent_dev = NULL;
//
// 			// Safe loop: end of loop conditions
// 			if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 				break;
//
// 			if (pass != GEN_PASS) {
// 				// Except for GEN, all passes deal with device interfaces
// 				r = get_interface_details(ctx, *dev_info, &dev_info_data, guid_list[pass], &_index, &dev_interface_path);
// 				if ((r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) || (dev_interface_path == NULL)) {
// 					_index = 0;
// 					break;
// 				}
// 			} else {
// 				// Workaround for a Nec/Renesas USB 3.0 driver bug where root hubs are
// 				// being listed under the "NUSB3" PnP Symbolic Name rather than "USB".
// 				// The Intel USB 3.0 driver behaves similar, but uses "IUSB3"
// 				// The Intel Alpine Ridge USB 3.1 driver uses "IARUSB3"
// 				for (; usb_enum_index < nb_usb_enumerators; usb_enum_index++) {
// 					if (get_devinfo_data(ctx, dev_info, &dev_info_data, usb_enumerator[usb_enum_index], i))
// 						break;
// 					i = 0;
// 				}
// 				if (usb_enum_index == nb_usb_enumerators)
// 					break;
// 			}
//
// 			// Read the Device ID path
// 			if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInstanceIdA(*dev_info, &dev_info_data, dev_id, sizeof(dev_id), NULL)) {
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not read the device instance ID for devInst %lX, skipping",
// 					  ULONG_CAST(dev_info_data.DevInst));
// 				continue;
// 			}
//
// 			usbi_dbg(ctx, "ENUM processing %s", dev_id);
//
// 			// Set API to use or get additional data from generic pass
// 			api = USB_API_UNSUPPORTED;
// 			sub_api = SUB_API_NOTSET;
// 			switch (pass_type) {
// 			case HCD_PASS:
// 				break;
// 			case HUB_PASS:
// 				api = USB_API_HUB;
// 				// Fetch the PnP enumerator class for this hub
// 				// This will allow us to enumerate all classes during the GEN pass
// 				if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(*dev_info, &dev_info_data, SPDRP_ENUMERATOR_NAME,
// 					NULL, (PBYTE)enumerator, sizeof(enumerator), NULL)) {
// 					usbi_err(ctx, "could not read enumerator string for device '%s': %s", dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 					LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER);
// 				}
// 				for (j = 0; j < nb_usb_enumerators; j++) {
// 					if (strcmp(usb_enumerator[j], enumerator) == 0)
// 						break;
// 				}
// 				if (j == nb_usb_enumerators) {
// 					usbi_dbg(ctx, "found new PnP enumerator string '%s'", enumerator);
// 					if (nb_usb_enumerators < ARRAYSIZE(usb_enumerator)) {
// 						usb_enumerator[nb_usb_enumerators] = _strdup(enumerator);
// 						if (usb_enumerator[nb_usb_enumerators] != NULL) {
// 							nb_usb_enumerators++;
// 						} else {
// 							usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate enumerator string '%s'", enumerator);
// 							LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 						}
// 					} else {
// 						usbi_warn(ctx, "too many enumerator strings, some devices may not be accessible");
// 					}
// 				}
// 				break;
// 			case GEN_PASS:
// 				// We use the GEN pass to detect driverless devices...
// 				if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(*dev_info, &dev_info_data, SPDRP_DRIVER,
// 					NULL, NULL, 0, NULL) && (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER)) {
// 					usbi_info(ctx, "The following device has no driver: '%s'", dev_id);
// 					usbi_info(ctx, "libusb will not be able to access it");
// 				}
// 				// ...and to add the additional device interface GUIDs
// 				r = get_guid(ctx, dev_id, dev_info, &dev_info_data, 0, &if_guid);
// 				if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
// 					// Check if we've already seen this GUID
// 					for (j = EXT_PASS; j < nb_guids; j++) {
// 						if (memcmp(guid_list[j], if_guid, sizeof(*if_guid)) == 0)
// 							break;
// 					}
// 					if (j == nb_guids) {
// 						usbi_dbg(ctx, "extra GUID: %s", guid_to_string(if_guid, guid_string));
// 						// Extend the guid_list capacity if needed
// 						if (nb_guids == guid_size) {
// 							new_guid_list = realloc((void *)guid_list, (guid_size + GUID_SIZE_STEP) * sizeof(void *));
// 							if (new_guid_list == NULL) {
// 								usbi_err(ctx, "failed to realloc guid list");
// 								free(if_guid);
// 								LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 							}
// 							guid_list = new_guid_list;
// 							guid_size += GUID_SIZE_STEP;
// 						}
// 						guid_list[nb_guids++] = if_guid;
// 					} else {
// 						// Duplicate, ignore
// 						free(if_guid);
// 					}
// 				} else if (r == LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS) {
// 					r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 				} else if (r == LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM) {
// 					LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 				} else {
// 					usbi_warn(ctx, "unexpected error during getting DeviceInterfaceGUID for '%s'", dev_id);
// 				}
// 				break;
// 			case HID_PASS:
// 				api = USB_API_HID;
// 				break;
// 			case DEV_PASS:
// 			case EXT_PASS:
// 				// Get the API type (after checking that the driver installation is OK)
// 				if ((!pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(*dev_info, &dev_info_data, SPDRP_INSTALL_STATE,
// 					NULL, (PBYTE)&install_state, sizeof(install_state), &size)) || (size != sizeof(install_state))) {
// 					usbi_warn(ctx, "could not detect installation state of driver for '%s': %s",
// 						dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 				} else if (install_state != 0) {
// 					usbi_warn(ctx, "driver for device '%s' is reporting an issue (code: %lu) - skipping",
// 						dev_id, ULONG_CAST(install_state));
// 					continue;
// 				}
// 				get_api_type(dev_info, &dev_info_data, &api, &sub_api);
// 				break;
// 			default:
// 				assert(false); // unreachable since all pass types covered explicitly
// 			}
//
// 			// Find parent device (for the passes that need it)
// 			if (pass >= GEN_PASS) {
// 				parent_dev = get_ancestor(ctx, dev_info_data.DevInst, NULL);
// 				if (parent_dev == NULL) {
// 					// Root hubs will not have a parent
// 					dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, (unsigned long)dev_info_data.DevInst);
// 					if (dev != NULL) {
// 						priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 						if (priv->root_hub)
// 							goto track_unref;
// 						libusb_unref_device(dev);
// 					}
//
// 					usbi_dbg(ctx, "unlisted ancestor for '%s' (non USB HID, newly connected, etc.) - ignoring", dev_id);
// 					continue;
// 				}
//
// 				parent_priv = usbi_get_device_priv(parent_dev);
// 				// virtual USB devices are also listed during GEN - don't process these yet
// 				if ((pass == GEN_PASS) && (parent_priv->apib->id != USB_API_HUB)) {
// 					libusb_unref_device(parent_dev);
// 					continue;
// 				}
// 			}
//
// 			// Create new or match existing device, using the devInst as session id
// 			if ((pass <= GEN_PASS) && (pass != HCD_PASS)) {	// For subsequent passes, we'll lookup the parent
// 				// These are the passes that create "new" devices
// 				session_id = (unsigned long)dev_info_data.DevInst;
// 				dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, session_id);
// 				if (dev == NULL) {
// 				alloc_device:
// 					usbi_dbg(ctx, "allocating new device for session [%lX]", session_id);
// 					dev = usbi_alloc_device(ctx, session_id);
// 					if (dev == NULL)
// 						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
//
// 					priv = winusb_device_priv_init(dev);
// 					priv->dev_id = _strdup(dev_id);
// 					priv->class_guid = dev_info_data.ClassGuid;
// 					if (priv->dev_id == NULL) {
// 						libusb_unref_device(dev);
// 						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 					}
// 				} else {
// 					usbi_dbg(ctx, "found existing device for session [%lX]", session_id);
//
// 					priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 					if (strcmp(priv->dev_id, dev_id) != 0) {
// 						usbi_dbg(ctx, "device instance ID for session [%lX] changed", session_id);
// 						usbi_disconnect_device(dev);
// 						libusb_unref_device(dev);
// 						goto alloc_device;
// 					}
// 					if (!IsEqualGUID(&priv->class_guid, &dev_info_data.ClassGuid)) {
// 						usbi_dbg(ctx, "device class GUID for session [%lX] changed", session_id);
// 						usbi_disconnect_device(dev);
// 						libusb_unref_device(dev);
// 						goto alloc_device;
// 					}
// 				}
//
// 			track_unref:
// 				// Keep track of devices that need unref
// 				if (unref_cur == unref_size) {
// 					new_unref_list = realloc(unref_list, (unref_size + UNREF_SIZE_STEP) * sizeof(void *));
// 					if (new_unref_list == NULL) {
// 						usbi_err(ctx, "could not realloc list for unref - aborting");
// 						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 					}
// 					unref_list = new_unref_list;
// 					unref_size += UNREF_SIZE_STEP;
// 				}
// 				unref_list[unref_cur++] = dev;
// 			}
//
// 			// Setup device
// 			switch (pass_type) {
// 			case HUB_PASS:
// 			case DEV_PASS:
// 				// If the device has already been setup, don't do it again
// 				if (priv->path != NULL)
// 					break;
// 				// Take care of API initialization
// 				priv->path = dev_interface_path;
// 				dev_interface_path = NULL;
// 				priv->apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
// 				priv->sub_api = sub_api;
// 				switch (api) {
// 				case USB_API_COMPOSITE:
// 					break;
// 				case USB_API_HUB:
// 					parent_dev = get_ancestor(ctx, dev_info_data.DevInst, NULL);
// 					if (parent_dev == NULL) {
// 						if (!get_dev_port_number(*dev_info, &dev_info_data, &hub_port_nr) || hub_port_nr == 0) {
// 							if (bus_number == UINT8_MAX) {
// 								usbi_warn(ctx, "program assertion failed - found more than %u buses, skipping the rest", UINT8_MAX);
// 								break;
// 							}
// 							priv->root_hub = true;
// 							dev->bus_number = ++bus_number;
// 							usbi_dbg(ctx, "assigning Root Hub '%s' bus number %u", dev_id, bus_number);
// 						}
// 					} else {
// 						libusb_unref_device(parent_dev);
// 					}
// 					break;
// 				case USB_API_HID:
// 					priv->hid = calloc(1, sizeof(struct hid_device_priv));
// 					if (priv->hid == NULL)
// 						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 					break;
// 				default:
// 					// For other devices, the first interface is the same as the device
// 					priv->usb_interface[0].path = _strdup(priv->path);
// 					if (priv->usb_interface[0].path == NULL)
// 						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
// 					// The following is needed if we want API calls to work for both simple
// 					// and composite devices.
// 					for (j = 0; j < USB_MAXINTERFACES; j++)
// 						priv->usb_interface[j].apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
// 					break;
// 				}
// 				break;
// 			case HCD_PASS:
// 				r = enumerate_hcd_root_hub(ctx, dev_id, dev_info_data.DevInst);
// 				break;
// 			case GEN_PASS:
// 				port_nr = 0;
// 				if (!get_dev_port_number(*dev_info, &dev_info_data, &port_nr))
// 					usbi_warn(ctx, "could not retrieve port number for device '%s': %s", dev_id, windows_error_str(0));
// 				r = init_device(dev, parent_dev, (uint8_t)port_nr, dev_info_data.DevInst);
// 				if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
// 					// Append device to the list of discovered devices
// 					discdevs = discovered_devs_append(*_discdevs, dev);
// 					if (!discdevs)
// 						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
//
// 					*_discdevs = discdevs;
// 				} else {
// 					// Failed to initialize a single device doesn't stop us from enumerating all other devices,
// 					// but we skip it (don't add to list of discovered devices)
// 					usbi_warn(ctx, "failed to initialize device '%s'", priv->dev_id);
// 					r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 				}
// 				break;
// 			case HID_PASS:
// 			case EXT_PASS:
// 				if (parent_priv->apib->id == USB_API_HID || parent_priv->apib->id == USB_API_COMPOSITE) {
// 					if (parent_priv->apib->id == USB_API_HID) {
// 						usbi_dbg(ctx, "setting HID interface for [%lX]:", parent_dev->session_data);
// 						r = set_hid_interface(ctx, parent_dev, dev_interface_path);
// 					} else {
// 						usbi_dbg(ctx, "setting composite interface for [%lX]:", parent_dev->session_data);
// 						r = set_composite_interface(ctx, parent_dev, dev_interface_path, dev_id, api, sub_api);
// 					}
// 					switch (r) {
// 					case LIBUSB_SUCCESS:
// 						dev_interface_path = NULL;
// 						break;
// 					case LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS:
// 						// interface has already been set => make sure dev_interface_path is freed then
// 						r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 						break;
// 					default:
// 						LOOP_BREAK(r);
// 						break;
// 					}
// 				}
// 				libusb_unref_device(parent_dev);
// 				break;
// 			default:
// 				assert(false); // unreachable since all pass types covered explicitly
// 			}
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(dev_info_intf);
//
// 	// Free any additional GUIDs
// 	for (pass = EXT_PASS; pass < nb_guids; pass++)
// 		free((void *)guid_list[pass]);
// 	free((void *)guid_list);
//
// 	// Free any PnP enumerator strings
// 	for (i = 1; i < nb_usb_enumerators; i++)
// 		free((void *)usb_enumerator[i]);
//
// 	// Unref newly allocated devs
// 	for (i = 0; i < unref_cur; i++)
// 		libusb_unref_device(unref_list[i]);
// 	free(unref_list);
//
// 	return r;
// }
//
// static int winusb_get_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, uint8_t config_index, void *buffer, size_t len)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR config_header;
//
// 	if ((priv->config_descriptor == NULL) || (priv->config_descriptor[config_index] == NULL))
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
//
// 	config_header = priv->config_descriptor[config_index];
//
// 	len = MIN(len, config_header->wTotalLength);
// 	memcpy(buffer, config_header, len);
// 	return (int)len;
// }
//
// static int winusb_get_config_descriptor_by_value(struct libusb_device *dev, uint8_t bConfigurationValue,
// 	void **buffer)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR config_header;
// 	uint8_t index;
//
// 	if (priv->config_descriptor == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
//
// 	for (index = 0; index < dev->device_descriptor.bNumConfigurations; index++) {
// 		config_header = priv->config_descriptor[index];
// 		if (config_header == NULL)
// 			continue;
// 		if (config_header->bConfigurationValue == bConfigurationValue) {
// 			*buffer = config_header;
// 			return (int)config_header->wTotalLength;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// }
//
// /*
//  * return the cached copy of the active config descriptor
//  */
// static int winusb_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, void *buffer, size_t len)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	void *config_desc;
// 	int r;
//
// 	if (priv->active_config == 0)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
//
// 	r = winusb_get_config_descriptor_by_value(dev, priv->active_config, &config_desc);
// 	if (r < 0)
// 		return r;
//
// 	len = MIN(len, (size_t)r);
// 	memcpy(buffer, config_desc, len);
// 	return (int)len;
// }
//
// static int winusb_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, open);
//
// 	return priv->apib->open(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle);
// }
//
// static void winusb_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	if (priv->apib->close)
// 		priv->apib->close(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle);
// }
//
// static int winusb_get_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t *config)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	*config = priv->active_config;
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// /*
//  * from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms793522.aspx: "The port driver
//  * does not currently expose a service that allows higher-level drivers to set
//  * the configuration."
//  */
// static int winusb_set_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t config)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
//
// 	r = libusb_control_transfer(dev_handle, LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT |
// 		LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_STANDARD | LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_DEVICE,
// 		LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION, config,
// 		0, NULL, 0, 1000);
//
// 	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 		priv->active_config = config;
//
// 	return r;
// }
//
// static int winusb_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int r;
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, claim_interface);
//
// 	safe_free(priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint);
// 	priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints = 0;
//
// 	r = priv->apib->claim_interface(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle, iface);
//
// 	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 		r = windows_assign_endpoints(dev_handle, iface, 0);
//
// 	return r;
// }
//
// static int winusb_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int r;
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, set_interface_altsetting);
//
// 	safe_free(priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint);
// 	priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints = 0;
//
// 	r = priv->apib->set_interface_altsetting(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle, iface, altsetting);
//
// 	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 		r = windows_assign_endpoints(dev_handle, iface, altsetting);
//
// 	return r;
// }
//
// static int winusb_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, release_interface);
//
// 	return priv->apib->release_interface(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle, iface);
// }
//
// static int winusb_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, clear_halt);
//
// 	return priv->apib->clear_halt(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle, endpoint);
// }
//
// static int winusb_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, reset_device);
//
// 	return priv->apib->reset_device(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle);
// }
//
// static void winusb_destroy_device(struct libusb_device *dev)
// {
// 	winusb_device_priv_release(dev);
// }
//
// static void winusb_clear_transfer_priv(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int sub_api = priv->sub_api;
//
// 	safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
//
// 	if (transfer->type == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS && sub_api == SUB_API_WINUSB) {
// 		if (transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle != NULL) {
// 			if (WinUSBX[sub_api].UnregisterIsochBuffer(transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle)) {
// 				transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle = NULL;
// 			} else {
// 				usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "failed to unregister WinUSB isoch buffer: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			}
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	safe_free(transfer_priv->iso_context);
//
// 	// When auto claim is in use, attempt to release the auto-claimed interface
// 	auto_release(itransfer);
// }
//
// static int winusb_submit_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int (*transfer_fn)(int, struct usbi_transfer *);
//
// 	switch (transfer->type) {
// 	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
// 		transfer_fn = priv->apib->submit_control_transfer;
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
// 	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
// 		transfer_fn = priv->apib->submit_bulk_transfer;
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
// 		transfer_fn = priv->apib->submit_iso_transfer;
// 		break;
// 	default:
// 		// Should not get here since windows_submit_transfer() validates
// 		// the transfer->type field
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	if (transfer_fn == NULL) {
// 		usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
// 			"unsupported transfer type %d (unrecognized device driver)",
// 			transfer->type);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 	}
//
// 	return transfer_fn(SUB_API_NOTSET, itransfer);
// }
//
// static int winusb_cancel_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->apib, cancel_transfer);
//
// 	return priv->apib->cancel_transfer(SUB_API_NOTSET, itransfer);
// }
//
// static enum libusb_transfer_status winusb_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	if (priv->apib->copy_transfer_data == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "program assertion failed - no function to copy transfer data");
// 		return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
// 	}
//
// 	return priv->apib->copy_transfer_data(SUB_API_NOTSET, itransfer, length);
// }
//
// // NB: MSVC6 does not support named initializers.
// const struct windows_backend winusb_backend = {
// 	winusb_init,
// 	winusb_exit,
// 	winusb_get_device_list,
// 	winusb_open,
// 	winusb_close,
// 	winusb_get_active_config_descriptor,
// 	winusb_get_config_descriptor,
// 	winusb_get_config_descriptor_by_value,
// 	winusb_get_configuration,
// 	winusb_set_configuration,
// 	winusb_claim_interface,
// 	winusb_release_interface,
// 	winusb_set_interface_altsetting,
// 	winusb_clear_halt,
// 	winusb_reset_device,
// 	winusb_destroy_device,
// 	winusb_submit_transfer,
// 	winusb_cancel_transfer,
// 	winusb_clear_transfer_priv,
// 	winusb_copy_transfer_data,
// };
//
// /*
//  * USB API backends
//  */
//
// static const char * const composite_driver_names[] = {
//   "USBCCGP", // (Windows built-in) USB Composite Device
//   "dg_ssudbus" // SAMSUNG Mobile USB Composite Device
// };
// static const char * const winusbx_driver_names[] = {"libusbK", "libusb0", "WinUSB"};
// static const char * const hid_driver_names[] = {"HIDUSB", "MOUHID", "KBDHID"};
// const struct windows_usb_api_backend usb_api_backend[USB_API_MAX] = {
// 	{
// 		USB_API_UNSUPPORTED,
// 		"Unsupported API",
// 		NULL,	/* driver_name_list */
// 		0,	/* nb_driver_names */
// 		NULL,	/* init */
// 		NULL,	/* exit */
// 		NULL,	/* open */
// 		NULL,	/* close */
// 		NULL,	/* configure_endpoints */
// 		NULL,	/* claim_interface */
// 		NULL,	/* set_interface_altsetting */
// 		NULL,	/* release_interface */
// 		NULL,	/* clear_halt */
// 		NULL,	/* reset_device */
// 		NULL,	/* submit_bulk_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* submit_iso_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* submit_control_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* cancel_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* copy_transfer_data */
// 	},
// 	{
// 		USB_API_HUB,
// 		"HUB API",
// 		NULL,	/* driver_name_list */
// 		0,	/* nb_driver_names */
// 		NULL,	/* init */
// 		NULL,	/* exit */
// 		NULL,	/* open */
// 		NULL,	/* close */
// 		NULL,	/* configure_endpoints */
// 		NULL,	/* claim_interface */
// 		NULL,	/* set_interface_altsetting */
// 		NULL,	/* release_interface */
// 		NULL,	/* clear_halt */
// 		NULL,	/* reset_device */
// 		NULL,	/* submit_bulk_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* submit_iso_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* submit_control_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* cancel_transfer */
// 		NULL,	/* copy_transfer_data */
// 	},
// 	{
// 		USB_API_COMPOSITE,
// 		"Composite API",
// 		composite_driver_names,
// 		ARRAYSIZE(composite_driver_names),
// 		NULL,	/* init */
// 		NULL,	/* exit */
// 		composite_open,
// 		composite_close,
// 		NULL,	/* configure_endpoints */
// 		composite_claim_interface,
// 		composite_set_interface_altsetting,
// 		composite_release_interface,
// 		composite_clear_halt,
// 		composite_reset_device,
// 		composite_submit_bulk_transfer,
// 		composite_submit_iso_transfer,
// 		composite_submit_control_transfer,
// 		composite_cancel_transfer,
// 		composite_copy_transfer_data,
// 	},
// 	{
// 		USB_API_WINUSBX,
// 		"WinUSB-like APIs",
// 		winusbx_driver_names,
// 		ARRAYSIZE(winusbx_driver_names),
// 		winusbx_init,
// 		winusbx_exit,
// 		winusbx_open,
// 		winusbx_close,
// 		winusbx_configure_endpoints,
// 		winusbx_claim_interface,
// 		winusbx_set_interface_altsetting,
// 		winusbx_release_interface,
// 		winusbx_clear_halt,
// 		winusbx_reset_device,
// 		winusbx_submit_bulk_transfer,
// 		winusbx_submit_iso_transfer,
// 		winusbx_submit_control_transfer,
// 		winusbx_cancel_transfer,
// 		winusbx_copy_transfer_data,
// 	},
// 	{
// 		USB_API_HID,
// 		"HID API",
// 		hid_driver_names,
// 		ARRAYSIZE(hid_driver_names),
// 		hid_init,
// 		hid_exit,
// 		hid_open,
// 		hid_close,
// 		NULL,	/* configure_endpoints */
// 		hid_claim_interface,
// 		hid_set_interface_altsetting,
// 		hid_release_interface,
// 		hid_clear_halt,
// 		hid_reset_device,
// 		hid_submit_bulk_transfer,
// 		NULL,	/* submit_iso_transfer */
// 		hid_submit_control_transfer,
// 		NULL,	/* cancel_transfer */
// 		hid_copy_transfer_data,
// 	},
// };
//
//
// /*
//  * WinUSB-like (WinUSB, libusb0/libusbK through libusbk DLL) API functions
//  */
// #define WinUSB_Set(h, fn, required)										\
// 	do {											\
// 		WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].fn = (WinUsb_##fn##_t)GetProcAddress(h, "WinUsb_" #fn);	\
// 		if (required && (WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].fn == NULL)) {				\
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "GetProcAddress() failed for WinUsb_%s", #fn);		\
// 			goto cleanup_winusb;							\
// 		}										\
// 	} while (0)
//
// #define libusbK_Set(sub_api, fn, required)								\
// 	do {											\
// 		pLibK_GetProcAddress((PVOID *)&WinUSBX[sub_api].fn, sub_api, KUSB_FNID_##fn);	\
// 		if (required && (WinUSBX[sub_api].fn == NULL)) {				\
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "LibK_GetProcAddress() failed for LibK_%s", #fn);		\
// 			goto cleanup_libusbk;							\
// 		}										\
// 	} while (0)
//
// static bool winusbx_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
// {
// 	HMODULE hWinUSB, hlibusbK;
//
// 	hWinUSB = load_system_library(ctx, "WinUSB");
// 	if (hWinUSB != NULL) {
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, AbortPipe, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, ControlTransfer, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, FlushPipe, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, Free, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, GetAssociatedInterface, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, Initialize, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, ReadPipe, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, ResetPipe, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, SetCurrentAlternateSetting, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, SetPipePolicy, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, GetPipePolicy, true);
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, WritePipe, true);
//
// 		// Check for isochronous transfers support (available starting with Windows 8.1)
// 		WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, ReadIsochPipeAsap, false);
// 		if (WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].ReadIsochPipeAsap != NULL) {
// 			WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, QueryPipeEx, true);
// 			WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, RegisterIsochBuffer, true);
// 			WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, UnregisterIsochBuffer, true);
// 			WinUSB_Set(hWinUSB, WriteIsochPipeAsap, true);
// 		}
//
// 		WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].hDll = hWinUSB;
//
// 		usbi_info(ctx, "WinUSB DLL available (%s isoch support)",
// 			(WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].ReadIsochPipeAsap != NULL) ? "with" : "without");
//
// cleanup_winusb:
// 		if (WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].hDll == NULL) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "failed to initialize WinUSB");
// 			memset(&WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB], 0, sizeof(WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB]));
// 			FreeLibrary(hWinUSB);
// 			hWinUSB = NULL;
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		usbi_info(ctx, "WinUSB DLL is not available");
// 	}
//
// 	hlibusbK = load_system_library(ctx, "libusbK");
// 	if (hlibusbK != NULL) {
// 		LibK_GetVersion_t pLibK_GetVersion;
// 		LibK_GetProcAddress_t pLibK_GetProcAddress;
// 		int sub_api = 0;
//
// 		pLibK_GetVersion = (LibK_GetVersion_t)GetProcAddress(hlibusbK, "LibK_GetVersion");
// 		if (pLibK_GetVersion != NULL) {
// 			KLIB_VERSION LibK_Version;
//
// 			pLibK_GetVersion(&LibK_Version);
// 			usbi_dbg(ctx, "libusbK DLL found, version: %d.%d.%d.%d", LibK_Version.Major, LibK_Version.Minor,
// 				LibK_Version.Micro, LibK_Version.Nano);
// 		} else {
// 			usbi_dbg(ctx, "libusbK DLL found, version unknown");
// 		}
//
// 		pLibK_GetProcAddress = (LibK_GetProcAddress_t)GetProcAddress(hlibusbK, "LibK_GetProcAddress");
// 		if (pLibK_GetProcAddress == NULL) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "LibK_GetProcAddress() not found in libusbK DLL");
// 			goto cleanup_libusbk;
// 		}
//
// 		// NB: The below for loop works because the sub_api value for WinUSB
// 		// is a higher value than that of libusbK and libusb0
// 		for (; sub_api < SUB_API_WINUSB; sub_api++) {
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, AbortPipe, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, ControlTransfer, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, FlushPipe, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, Free, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, GetAssociatedInterface, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, Initialize, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, ReadPipe, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, ResetPipe, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, SetCurrentAlternateSetting, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, SetPipePolicy, true);
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, WritePipe, true);
//
// 			// Optional isochronous support
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, IsoReadPipe, false);
// 			if (WinUSBX[sub_api].IsoReadPipe != NULL)
// 				libusbK_Set(sub_api, IsoWritePipe, true);
//
// 			// Optional device reset support
// 			libusbK_Set(sub_api, ResetDevice, false);
//
// 			WinUSBX[sub_api].hDll = hlibusbK;
// 		}
//
// cleanup_libusbk:
// 		if (sub_api < SUB_API_WINUSB) {
// 			usbi_err(ctx, "failed to initialize libusbK");
// 			while (sub_api >= 0) {
// 				memset(&WinUSBX[sub_api], 0, sizeof(WinUSBX[sub_api]));
// 				sub_api--;
// 			}
// 			FreeLibrary(hlibusbK);
// 			hlibusbK = NULL;
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		usbi_info(ctx, "libusbK DLL is not available");
// 	}
//
// 	if ((hWinUSB == NULL) && (hlibusbK == NULL)) {
// 		usbi_warn(ctx, "neither WinUSB nor libusbK DLLs were found, "
// 			"you will not be able to access devices outside of enumeration");
// 		return false;
// 	}
//
// 	return true;
// }
//
// static void winusbx_exit(void)
// {
// 	bool loaded = false;
// 	HMODULE hDll;
//
// 	hDll = WinUSBX[SUB_API_LIBUSBK].hDll;
// 	if (hDll != NULL) {
// 		FreeLibrary(hDll);
// 		loaded = true;
// 	}
//
// 	hDll = WinUSBX[SUB_API_WINUSB].hDll;
// 	if (hDll != NULL) {
// 		FreeLibrary(hDll);
// 		loaded = true;
// 	}
//
// 	// Reset the WinUSBX API structures if something was loaded
// 	if (loaded)
// 		memset(&WinUSBX, 0, sizeof(WinUSBX));
// }
//
// // NB: open and close must ensure that they only handle interface of
// // the right API type, as these functions can be called wholesale from
// // composite_open(), with interfaces belonging to different APIs
// static int winusbx_open(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	HANDLE file_handle;
// 	int i;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	// WinUSB requires a separate handle for each interface
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		if ((priv->usb_interface[i].path != NULL)
// 				&& (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_WINUSBX)) {
// 			file_handle = windows_open(dev_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].path, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE);
// 			if (file_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 				usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not open device %s (interface %d): %s", priv->usb_interface[i].path, i, windows_error_str(0));
// 				switch (GetLastError()) {
// 				case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: // The device was disconnected
// 					return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 				case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
// 					return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 				default:
// 					return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 				}
// 			}
//
// 			handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle = file_handle;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static void winusbx_close(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE handle;
// 	int i, ai;
//
// 	if (sub_api == SUB_API_NOTSET)
// 		sub_api = priv->sub_api;
//
// 	if (WinUSBX[sub_api].hDll == NULL)
// 		return;
//
// 	if (priv->apib->id == USB_API_COMPOSITE) {
// 		// If this is a composite device, just free and close any WinUSB-like
// 		// interfaces that are not part of an associated group
// 		// (each is independent and not associated with another).
// 		// For associated interface groupings, free interfaces that
// 		// are NOT the first within that group (i.e. not bFirstInterface),
// 		// then free & close bFirstInterface last.
// 		for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 			if (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_WINUSBX) {
// 				if (priv->usb_interface[i].num_associated_interfaces == 0) {
// 					handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
// 					if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 						WinUSBX[sub_api].Free(handle);
//
// 					handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle;
// 					if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 						CloseHandle(handle);
// 				} else {
// 					if (i==priv->usb_interface[i].first_associated_interface) {
// 						//first free all handles for all *other* associated interfaces
// 						for (ai = 1; ai < priv->usb_interface[i].num_associated_interfaces; ai++) {
// 							handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i + ai].api_handle;
// 							if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 								WinUSBX[sub_api].Free(handle);
// 						}
//
// 						//free & close bFirstInterface
// 						handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
// 						if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 							WinUSBX[sub_api].Free(handle);
//
// 						handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle;
// 						if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 							CloseHandle(handle);
// 					}
// 				}
// 			}
// 		}
// 	} else {
// 		// If this is a WinUSB device, free all interfaces above interface 0,
// 		// then free and close interface 0 last
// 		for (i = 1; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 			handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
// 			if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 				WinUSBX[sub_api].Free(handle);
// 		}
// 		handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[0].api_handle;
// 		if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 			WinUSBX[sub_api].Free(handle);
//
// 		handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[0].dev_handle;
// 		if (HANDLE_VALID(handle))
// 			CloseHandle(handle);
// 	}
// }
//
// static int winusbx_configure_endpoints(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
// 	UCHAR policy;
// 	ULONG timeout = 0;
// 	uint8_t endpoint_address;
// 	int i;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	// With handle and endpoints set (in parent), we can setup the default pipe properties
// 	// see http://download.microsoft.com/download/D/1/D/D1DD7745-426B-4CC3-A269-ABBBE427C0EF/DVC-T705_DDC08.pptx
// 	for (i = -1; i < priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints; i++) {
// 		endpoint_address = (i == -1) ? 0 : priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint[i];
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
// 			PIPE_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT, sizeof(ULONG), &timeout))
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "failed to set PIPE_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT for control endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
//
// 		if ((i == -1) || (sub_api == SUB_API_LIBUSB0))
// 			continue; // Other policies don't apply to control endpoint or libusb0
//
// 		policy = false;
// 		handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].zlp[endpoint_address] = WINUSB_ZLP_UNSET;
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
// 			SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy))
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "failed to disable SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
//
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
// 			IGNORE_SHORT_PACKETS, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy))
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "failed to disable IGNORE_SHORT_PACKETS for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
//
// 		policy = true;
// 		/* ALLOW_PARTIAL_READS must be enabled due to likely libusbK bug. See:
// 		   https://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=29736015 */
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
// 			ALLOW_PARTIAL_READS, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy))
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "failed to enable ALLOW_PARTIAL_READS for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
//
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
// 			AUTO_CLEAR_STALL, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy))
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "failed to enable AUTO_CLEAR_STALL for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
//
// 		if (sub_api == SUB_API_LIBUSBK) {
// 			if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
// 				ISO_ALWAYS_START_ASAP, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy))
// 				usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "failed to enable ISO_ALWAYS_START_ASAP for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int winusbx_claim_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct libusb_context *ctx = HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	bool is_using_usbccgp = (priv->apib->id == USB_API_COMPOSITE);
// 	bool is_associated_interface = (priv->usb_interface[iface].num_associated_interfaces != 0);
// 	HDEVINFO dev_info;
// 	char *dev_interface_path = NULL;
// 	char *dev_interface_path_guid_start;
// 	char filter_path[] = "\\\\.\\libusb0-0000";
// 	bool found_filter = false;
// 	HANDLE file_handle, winusb_handle;
// 	DWORD err, _index;
// 	int r;
// 	uint8_t initialized_iface;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	// If the device is composite, but using the default Windows composite parent driver (usbccgp)
// 	// or if it's the first WinUSB-like interface, we get a handle through Initialize().
// 	// If it's an associated interface, and is the first one (iface==bFirstInterface), we also
// 	// want to get the handle through Initialize(). If it's an associated interface, and NOT
// 	// the first one, we want to direct control to the 'else' where the handle will be obtained
// 	// via GetAssociatedInterface().
// 	if (((is_using_usbccgp) || (iface == 0)) &&
// 	    (!is_associated_interface || (iface==priv->usb_interface[iface].first_associated_interface))) {
// 		// composite device (independent interfaces) or interface 0
// 		file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle;
// 		if (!HANDLE_VALID(file_handle))
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
//
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].Initialize(file_handle, &winusb_handle)) {
// 			handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 			err = GetLastError();
// 			switch (err) {
// 			case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND:
// 				// The device was disconnected
// 				usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface %u: %s", iface, windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 			default:
// 				// it may be that we're using the libusb0 filter driver.
// 				// TODO: can we move this whole business into the K/0 DLL?
// 				r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 				for (_index = 0; ; _index++) {
// 					safe_free(dev_interface_path);
//
// 					if (found_filter)
// 						break;
//
// 					r = get_interface_details_filter(ctx, &dev_info, _index, filter_path, &dev_interface_path);
// 					if ((r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) || (dev_interface_path == NULL))
// 						break;
//
// 					// ignore GUID part
// 					dev_interface_path_guid_start = strchr(dev_interface_path, '{');
// 					if (dev_interface_path_guid_start == NULL)
// 						continue;
// 					*dev_interface_path_guid_start = '\0';
//
// 					if (strncmp(dev_interface_path, priv->usb_interface[iface].path, strlen(dev_interface_path)) == 0) {
// 						file_handle = windows_open(dev_handle, filter_path, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE);
// 						if (file_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 							if (WinUSBX[sub_api].Initialize(file_handle, &winusb_handle)) {
// 								// Replace the existing file handle with the working one
// 								CloseHandle(handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle);
// 								handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle = file_handle;
// 								found_filter = true;
// 							} else {
// 								usbi_err(ctx, "could not initialize filter driver for %s", filter_path);
// 								CloseHandle(file_handle);
// 							}
// 						} else {
// 							usbi_err(ctx, "could not open device %s: %s", filter_path, windows_error_str(0));
// 						}
// 					}
// 				}
// 				if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 					return r;
// 				if (!found_filter) {
// 					usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface %u: %s", iface, windows_error_str(err));
// 					return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 				}
// 			}
// 		}
// 		handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = winusb_handle;
// 	} else {
// 		if (is_associated_interface) {
// 			initialized_iface = priv->usb_interface[iface].first_associated_interface;
// 			if (iface <= initialized_iface) {
// 				usbi_err(ctx, "invalid associated index. iface=%u, initialized iface=%u", iface, initialized_iface);
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 			}
// 		} else {
// 			initialized_iface = 0;
// 		}
//
// 		// For all other interfaces, use GetAssociatedInterface()
// 		winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[initialized_iface].api_handle;
// 		// It is a requirement for multiple interface devices on Windows that, to you
// 		// must first claim the first interface before you claim the others
// 		if (!HANDLE_VALID(winusb_handle)) {
// 			file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[initialized_iface].dev_handle;
// 			if (WinUSBX[sub_api].Initialize(file_handle, &winusb_handle)) {
// 				handle_priv->interface_handle[initialized_iface].api_handle = winusb_handle;
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "auto-claimed interface %u (required to claim %u with WinUSB)", initialized_iface, iface);
// 			} else {
// 				usbi_warn(ctx, "failed to auto-claim interface %u (required to claim %u with WinUSB): %s",
// 						initialized_iface, iface, windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 			}
// 		}
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].GetAssociatedInterface(winusb_handle, (UCHAR)(iface - 1 - initialized_iface),
// 			&handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle)) {
// 			handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 			switch (GetLastError()) {
// 			case ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS:   // invalid iface
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 			case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND:     // The device was disconnected
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 			case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS:  // already claimed
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
// 			default:
// 				usbi_err(ctx, "could not claim interface %u: %s", iface, windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 			}
// 		}
// 		handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[initialized_iface].dev_handle;
// 	}
// 	usbi_dbg(ctx, "claimed interface %u", iface);
// 	handle_priv->active_interface = iface;
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int winusbx_release_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
// 	if (!HANDLE_VALID(winusb_handle))
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
//
// 	WinUSBX[sub_api].Free(winusb_handle);
// 	handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Return the first valid interface (of the same API type), for control transfers
//  */
// static int get_valid_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int api_id)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int i;
//
// 	if ((api_id < USB_API_WINUSBX) || (api_id > USB_API_HID)) {
// 		usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "unsupported API ID");
// 		return -1;
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 	if (HANDLE_VALID(handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle)
// 			&& HANDLE_VALID(handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle)
// 			&& (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == api_id))
// 		return i;
// 	}
//
// 	return -1;
// }
//
// /*
// * Check a specific interface is valid (of the same API type), for control transfers
// */
// static int check_valid_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned short interface, int api_id)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	if (interface >= USB_MAXINTERFACES)
// 		return -1;
//
// 	if ((api_id < USB_API_WINUSBX) || (api_id > USB_API_HID)) {
// 		usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "unsupported API ID");
// 		return -1;
// 	}
//
// 	// try the requested interface
// 	if (HANDLE_VALID(handle_priv->interface_handle[interface].dev_handle)
// 		&& HANDLE_VALID(handle_priv->interface_handle[interface].api_handle)
// 		&& (priv->usb_interface[interface].apib->id == api_id))
// 		return interface;
//
// 	return -1;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Lookup interface by endpoint address. -1 if not found
//  */
// static int interface_by_endpoint(struct winusb_device_priv *priv,
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv, uint8_t endpoint_address)
// {
// 	int i, j;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		if (!HANDLE_VALID(handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle))
// 			continue;
// 		if (priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint == NULL)
// 			continue;
// 		for (j = 0; j < priv->usb_interface[i].nb_endpoints; j++) {
// 			if (priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j] == endpoint_address)
// 				return i;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return -1;
// }
//
// static int winusbx_submit_control_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	PWINUSB_SETUP_PACKET setup = (PWINUSB_SETUP_PACKET)transfer->buffer;
// 	ULONG size, transferred;
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
// 	OVERLAPPED *overlapped;
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	size = transfer->length - LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE;
//
// 	// Windows places upper limits on the control transfer size
// 	// See: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/usbcon/usb-bandwidth-allocation#maximum-transfer-size
// 	if (size > MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
//
// 	if ((setup->RequestType & 0x1F) == LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE)
// 		current_interface = check_valid_interface(transfer->dev_handle, setup->Index & 0xff, USB_API_WINUSBX);
// 	else
// 		current_interface = get_valid_interface(transfer->dev_handle, USB_API_WINUSBX);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		if (auto_claim(transfer, &current_interface, USB_API_WINUSBX) != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "will use interface %d", current_interface);
//
// 	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
// 	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 	set_transfer_priv_handle(itransfer, handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].dev_handle);
// 	overlapped = get_transfer_priv_overlapped(itransfer);
//
// 	// Sending of set configuration control requests from WinUSB creates issues, except when using libusb0.sys
// 	if (sub_api != SUB_API_LIBUSB0
// 			&& (LIBUSB_REQ_TYPE(setup->RequestType) == LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_STANDARD)
// 			&& (setup->Request == LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION)) {
// 		if (setup->Value != priv->active_config) {
// 			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "cannot set configuration other than the default one");
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 		}
// 		windows_force_sync_completion(itransfer, 0);
// 	} else {
// 		if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].ControlTransfer(winusb_handle, *setup, transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE, size, &transferred, overlapped)) {
// 			if (GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 				usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "ControlTransfer failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 			}
// 		} else {
// 			windows_force_sync_completion(itransfer, transferred);
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int winusbx_set_interface_altsetting(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
// 	if (!HANDLE_VALID(winusb_handle)) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "interface must be claimed first");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetCurrentAlternateSetting(winusb_handle, altsetting)) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "SetCurrentAlternateSetting failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
//
// static void WINAPI winusbx_native_iso_transfer_continue_stream_callback(struct libusb_transfer *transfer)
// {
// 	// If this callback is invoked, this means that we attempted to set ContinueStream
// 	// to TRUE when calling Read/WriteIsochPipeAsap in winusbx_submit_iso_transfer().
// 	// The role of this callback is to fallback to ContinueStream = FALSE if the transfer
// 	// did not succeed.
//
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv =
// 		get_winusb_transfer_priv(LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TO_USBI_TRANSFER(transfer));
// 	bool fallback = (transfer->status != LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED);
// 	int idx;
//
// 	// Restore the user callback
// 	transfer->callback = transfer_priv->iso_user_callback;
//
// 	for (idx = 0; idx < transfer->num_iso_packets && !fallback; idx++) {
// 		if (transfer->iso_packet_desc[idx].status != LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED)
// 			fallback = true;
// 	}
//
// 	if (!fallback) {
// 		// If the transfer was successful, we restore the user callback and call it.
// 		if (transfer->callback)
// 			transfer->callback(transfer);
// 	} else {
// 		// If the transfer wasn't successful we reschedule the transfer while forcing it
// 		// not to continue the stream. This might results in a 5-ms delay.
// 		transfer_priv->iso_break_stream = TRUE;
// 		libusb_submit_transfer(transfer);
// 	}
// }
// static int winusbx_submit_iso_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
// 	OVERLAPPED *overlapped;
// 	BOOL ret;
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", transfer->endpoint, current_interface);
//
// 	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
// 	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 	set_transfer_priv_handle(itransfer, handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].dev_handle);
// 	overlapped = get_transfer_priv_overlapped(itransfer);
//
// 	if ((sub_api == SUB_API_LIBUSBK) || (sub_api == SUB_API_LIBUSB0)) {
// 		int i;
// 		UINT offset;
// 		size_t iso_ctx_size;
// 		PKISO_CONTEXT iso_context;
//
// 		if (WinUSBX[sub_api].IsoReadPipe == NULL) {
// 			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "libusbK DLL does not support isoch transfers");
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 		}
//
// 		iso_ctx_size = sizeof(KISO_CONTEXT) + (transfer->num_iso_packets * sizeof(KISO_PACKET));
// 		transfer_priv->iso_context = iso_context = calloc(1, iso_ctx_size);
// 		if (transfer_priv->iso_context == NULL)
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
//
// 		// start ASAP
// 		iso_context->StartFrame = 0;
// 		iso_context->NumberOfPackets = (SHORT)transfer->num_iso_packets;
//
// 		// convert the transfer packet lengths to iso_packet offsets
// 		offset = 0;
// 		for (i = 0; i < transfer->num_iso_packets; i++) {
// 			iso_context->IsoPackets[i].offset = offset;
// 			offset += transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].length;
// 		}
//
// 		if (IS_XFERIN(transfer)) {
// 			usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "reading %d iso packets", transfer->num_iso_packets);
// 			ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].IsoReadPipe(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, overlapped, iso_context);
// 		} else {
// 			usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "writing %d iso packets", transfer->num_iso_packets);
// 			ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].IsoWritePipe(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, overlapped, iso_context);
// 		}
//
// 		if (!ret && GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "IsoReadPipe/IsoWritePipe failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 		}
//
// 		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	} else if (sub_api == SUB_API_WINUSB) {
// 		WINUSB_PIPE_INFORMATION_EX pipe_info_ex = { 0 };
// 		WINUSB_ISOCH_BUFFER_HANDLE buffer_handle;
// 		ULONG iso_transfer_size_multiple;
// 		int out_transfer_length = 0;
// 		int idx;
//
// 		// Depending on the version of Microsoft WinUSB, isochronous transfers may not be supported.
// 		if (WinUSBX[sub_api].ReadIsochPipeAsap == NULL) {
// 			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "WinUSB DLL does not support isoch transfers");
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 		}
//
// 		if (sizeof(struct libusb_iso_packet_descriptor) != sizeof(USBD_ISO_PACKET_DESCRIPTOR)) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "size of WinUsb and libusb isoch packet descriptors don't match");
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 		}
//
// 		// Query the pipe extended information to find the pipe index corresponding to the endpoint.
// 		for (idx = 0; idx < priv->usb_interface[current_interface].nb_endpoints; ++idx) {
// 			ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].QueryPipeEx(winusb_handle, (UINT8)priv->usb_interface[current_interface].current_altsetting, (UCHAR)idx, &pipe_info_ex);
// 			if (!ret) {
// 				usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "couldn't query interface settings for USB pipe with index %d. Error: %s", idx, windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 			}
//
// 			if (pipe_info_ex.PipeId == transfer->endpoint && pipe_info_ex.PipeType == UsbdPipeTypeIsochronous)
// 				break;
// 		}
//
// 		// Make sure we found the index.
// 		if (idx == priv->usb_interface[current_interface].nb_endpoints) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "couldn't find isoch endpoint 0x%02x", transfer->endpoint);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 		}
//
// 		if (IS_XFERIN(transfer)) {
// 			int interval = pipe_info_ex.Interval;
//
// 			// For high-speed and SuperSpeed device, the interval is 2**(bInterval-1).
// 			if (transfer->dev_handle->dev->speed >= LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH)
// 				interval = (1 << (pipe_info_ex.Interval - 1));
//
// 			// WinUSB only supports isoch transfers spanning a full USB frames. Later, we might be smarter about this
// 			// and allocate a temporary buffer. However, this is harder than it seems as its destruction would depend on overlapped
// 			// IO...
// 			if (transfer->dev_handle->dev->speed >= LIBUSB_SPEED_HIGH) // Microframes (125us)
// 				iso_transfer_size_multiple = (pipe_info_ex.MaximumBytesPerInterval * 8) / interval;
// 			else // Normal Frames (1ms)
// 				iso_transfer_size_multiple = pipe_info_ex.MaximumBytesPerInterval / interval;
//
// 			if (transfer->length % iso_transfer_size_multiple != 0) {
// 				usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "length of isoch buffer must be a multiple of the MaximumBytesPerInterval * 8 / Interval");
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 			}
// 		} else {
// 			// If this is an OUT transfer, we make sure the isoch packets are contiguous as this isn't supported otherwise.
// 			bool size_should_be_zero = false;
//
// 			for (idx = 0; idx < transfer->num_iso_packets; ++idx) {
// 				if ((size_should_be_zero && transfer->iso_packet_desc[idx].length != 0) ||
// 					(transfer->iso_packet_desc[idx].length != pipe_info_ex.MaximumBytesPerInterval && idx + 1 < transfer->num_iso_packets && transfer->iso_packet_desc[idx + 1].length > 0)) {
// 					usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "isoch packets for OUT transfer with WinUSB must be contiguous in memory");
// 					return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 				}
//
// 				size_should_be_zero = (transfer->iso_packet_desc[idx].length == 0);
// 				out_transfer_length += transfer->iso_packet_desc[idx].length;
// 			}
// 		}
//
// 		if (transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle != NULL) {
// 			if (WinUSBX[sub_api].UnregisterIsochBuffer(transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle)) {
// 				transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle = NULL;
// 			} else {
// 				usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "failed to unregister WinUSB isoch buffer: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 			}
// 		}
//
// 		// Register the isoch buffer to the operating system.
// 		ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].RegisterIsochBuffer(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, &buffer_handle);
// 		if (!ret) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "failed to register WinUSB isoch buffer: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
// 		}
//
// 		// Important note: the WinUSB_Read/WriteIsochPipeAsap API requires a ContinueStream parameter that tells whether the isochronous
// 		// stream must be continued or if the WinUSB driver can schedule the transfer at its convenience. Profiling subsequent transfers
// 		// with ContinueStream = FALSE showed that 5 frames, i.e. about 5 milliseconds, were left empty between each transfer. This
// 		// is critical as this greatly diminish the achievable isochronous bandwidth. We solved the problem using the following strategy:
// 		// - Transfers are first scheduled with ContinueStream = TRUE and with winusbx_iso_transfer_continue_stream_callback as user callback.
// 		// - If the transfer succeeds, winusbx_iso_transfer_continue_stream_callback restore the user callback and calls its.
// 		// - If the transfer fails, winusbx_iso_transfer_continue_stream_callback reschedule the transfer and force ContinueStream = FALSE.
// 		if (!transfer_priv->iso_break_stream) {
// 			transfer_priv->iso_user_callback = transfer->callback;
// 			transfer->callback = winusbx_native_iso_transfer_continue_stream_callback;
// 		}
//
// 		// Initiate the transfers.
// 		if (IS_XFERIN(transfer))
// 			ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].ReadIsochPipeAsap(buffer_handle, 0, transfer->length, !transfer_priv->iso_break_stream, transfer->num_iso_packets, (PUSBD_ISO_PACKET_DESCRIPTOR)transfer->iso_packet_desc, overlapped);
// 		else
// 			ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].WriteIsochPipeAsap(buffer_handle, 0, out_transfer_length, !transfer_priv->iso_break_stream, overlapped);
//
// 		if (!ret && GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "ReadIsochPipeAsap/WriteIsochPipeAsap failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].UnregisterIsochBuffer(buffer_handle))
// 				usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "failed to unregister WinUSB isoch buffer: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 		}
//
// 		// Restore the ContinueStream parameter to TRUE.
// 		transfer_priv->iso_break_stream = FALSE;
//
// 		transfer_priv->isoch_buffer_handle = buffer_handle;
//
// 		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	} else {
// 		PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(winusbx_submit_iso_transfer);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 	}
// }
//
// static int winusbx_submit_bulk_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
// 	OVERLAPPED *overlapped;
// 	BOOL ret;
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", transfer->endpoint, current_interface);
//
// 	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
// 	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 	set_transfer_priv_handle(itransfer, handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].dev_handle);
// 	overlapped = get_transfer_priv_overlapped(itransfer);
//
// 	if (IS_XFERIN(transfer)) {
// 		usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "reading %d bytes", transfer->length);
// 		ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].ReadPipe(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, NULL, overlapped);
// 	} else {
// 		// Set SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE if ZLP requested.
// 		// Changing this can be a problem with packets in flight, so only allow on the first transfer.
// 		UCHAR policy = (transfer->flags & LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ADD_ZERO_PACKET) != 0;
// 		uint8_t* current_zlp = &handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].zlp[transfer->endpoint];
// 		if (*current_zlp == WINUSB_ZLP_UNSET) {
// 			if (policy &&
// 				!WinUSBX[sub_api].SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint,
// 				SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy)) {
// 				usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "failed to set SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE for endpoint %02X", transfer->endpoint);
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 			}
// 			*current_zlp = policy ? WINUSB_ZLP_ON : WINUSB_ZLP_OFF;
// 		} else if (policy != (*current_zlp == WINUSB_ZLP_ON)) {
// 			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "cannot change ZERO_PACKET for endpoint %02X on Windows", transfer->endpoint);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 		}
//
// 		usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "writing %d bytes", transfer->length);
// 		ret = WinUSBX[sub_api].WritePipe(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, NULL, overlapped);
// 	}
//
// 	if (!ret && GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "ReadPipe/WritePipe failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int winusbx_clear_halt(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cannot clear");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", endpoint, current_interface);
// 	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
//
// 	if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].ResetPipe(winusb_handle, endpoint)) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "ResetPipe failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int winusbx_cancel_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface = transfer_priv->interface_number;
// 	HANDLE handle;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "will use interface %d", current_interface);
//
// 	handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 	if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].AbortPipe(handle, transfer->endpoint)) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "AbortPipe failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// /*
//  * from the "How to Use WinUSB to Communicate with a USB Device" Microsoft white paper
//  * (http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/connect/usb/winusb_howto.mspx):
//  * "WinUSB does not support host-initiated reset port and cycle port operations" and
//  * IOCTL_INTERNAL_USB_CYCLE_PORT is only available in kernel mode and the
//  * IOCTL_USB_HUB_CYCLE_PORT ioctl was removed from Vista => the best we can do is
//  * cycle the pipes (and even then, the control pipe can not be reset using WinUSB)
//  */
// // TODO: (post hotplug): see if we can force eject the device and redetect it (reuse hotplug?)
// static int winusbx_reset_device(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE winusb_handle;
// 	int i, j;
//
// 	CHECK_WINUSBX_AVAILABLE(sub_api);
//
// 	// Reset any available pipe (except control)
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
// 		if (HANDLE_VALID(winusb_handle)) {
// 			for (j = 0; j < priv->usb_interface[i].nb_endpoints; j++) {
// 				usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "resetting ep %02X", priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j]);
// 				if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].AbortPipe(winusb_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j]))
// 					usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "AbortPipe (pipe address %02X) failed: %s",
// 						priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j], windows_error_str(0));
//
// 				// FlushPipe seems to fail on OUT pipes
// 				if (IS_EPIN(priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j])
// 						&& (!WinUSBX[sub_api].FlushPipe(winusb_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j])))
// 					usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "FlushPipe (pipe address %02X) failed: %s",
// 						priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j], windows_error_str(0));
//
// 				if (!WinUSBX[sub_api].ResetPipe(winusb_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j]))
// 					usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "ResetPipe (pipe address %02X) failed: %s",
// 						priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j], windows_error_str(0));
// 			}
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// libusbK & libusb0 have the ability to issue an actual device reset
// 	if ((sub_api != SUB_API_WINUSB) && (WinUSBX[sub_api].ResetDevice != NULL)) {
// 		winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[0].api_handle;
// 		if (HANDLE_VALID(winusb_handle))
// 			WinUSBX[sub_api].ResetDevice(winusb_handle);
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static enum libusb_transfer_status winusbx_copy_transfer_data(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	int i;
//
// 	if (transfer->type == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS) {
// 		struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
//
// 		if (sub_api == SUB_API_NOTSET)
// 			sub_api = priv->sub_api;
// 		if (WinUSBX[sub_api].hDll == NULL)
// 			return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
//
// 		// for isochronous, need to copy the individual iso packet actual_lengths and statuses
// 		if ((sub_api == SUB_API_LIBUSBK) || (sub_api == SUB_API_LIBUSB0)) {
// 			// iso only supported on libusbk-based backends for now
// 			PKISO_CONTEXT iso_context = transfer_priv->iso_context;
// 			for (i = 0; i < transfer->num_iso_packets; i++) {
// 				if (IS_XFERIN(transfer)) {
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].actual_length = iso_context->IsoPackets[i].actual_length;
// 				} else {
// 					// On Windows the usbd Length field is not used for OUT transfers.
// 					// Copy the requested value back for consistency with other platforms.
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].actual_length = transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].length;
// 				}
// 				transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].status = usbd_status_to_libusb_transfer_status(iso_context->IsoPackets[i].status);
// 			}
// 		} else if (sub_api == SUB_API_WINUSB) {
// 			if (IS_XFERIN(transfer)) {
// 				/* Convert isochronous packet descriptor between Windows and libusb representation.
// 				 * Both representation are guaranteed to have the same length in bytes.*/
// 				PUSBD_ISO_PACKET_DESCRIPTOR usbd_iso_packet_desc = (PUSBD_ISO_PACKET_DESCRIPTOR)transfer->iso_packet_desc;
// 				for (i = 0; i < transfer->num_iso_packets; i++) {
// 					unsigned int packet_length = (i < transfer->num_iso_packets - 1) ? (usbd_iso_packet_desc[i + 1].Offset - usbd_iso_packet_desc[i].Offset) : usbd_iso_packet_desc[i].Length;
// 					unsigned int actual_length = usbd_iso_packet_desc[i].Length;
// 					USBD_STATUS status = usbd_iso_packet_desc[i].Status;
//
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].length = packet_length;
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].actual_length = actual_length;
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].status = usbd_status_to_libusb_transfer_status(status);
// 				}
// 			} else {
// 				for (i = 0; i < transfer->num_iso_packets; i++) {
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
// 					// On Windows the usbd Length field is not used for OUT transfers.
// 					// Copy the requested value back for consistency with other platforms.
// 					transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].actual_length = transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].length;
// 				}
// 			}
// 		} else {
// 			// This should only occur if backend is not set correctly or other backend isoc is partially implemented
// 			PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(copy_transfer_data);
// 			return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	itransfer->transferred += (int)length;
// 	return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
// }
//
// /*
//  * Internal HID Support functions (from libusb-win32)
//  * Note that functions that complete data transfer synchronously must return
//  * LIBUSB_COMPLETED instead of LIBUSB_SUCCESS
//  */
// static int _hid_get_hid_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *dev, void *data, size_t *size);
// static int _hid_get_report_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *dev, void *data, size_t *size);
//
// static int _hid_wcslen(WCHAR *str)
// {
// 	int i = 0;
//
// 	while (str[i] && (str[i] != 0x409))
// 		i++;
//
// 	return i;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_device_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *hid_priv, void *data, size_t *size)
// {
// 	struct libusb_device_descriptor d;
//
// 	d.bLength = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE;
// 	d.bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE;
// 	d.bcdUSB = 0x0200; /* 2.00 */
// 	d.bDeviceClass = 0;
// 	d.bDeviceSubClass = 0;
// 	d.bDeviceProtocol = 0;
// 	d.bMaxPacketSize0 = 64; /* fix this! */
// 	d.idVendor = (uint16_t)hid_priv->vid;
// 	d.idProduct = (uint16_t)hid_priv->pid;
// 	d.bcdDevice = 0x0100;
// 	d.iManufacturer = hid_priv->string_index[0];
// 	d.iProduct = hid_priv->string_index[1];
// 	d.iSerialNumber = hid_priv->string_index[2];
// 	d.bNumConfigurations = 1;
//
// 	if (*size > LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE)
// 		*size = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE;
// 	memcpy(data, &d, *size);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_config_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *hid_priv, void *data, size_t *size)
// {
// 	char num_endpoints = 0;
// 	size_t config_total_len = 0;
// 	char tmp[HID_MAX_CONFIG_DESC_SIZE];
// 	struct libusb_config_descriptor *cd;
// 	struct libusb_interface_descriptor *id;
// 	struct libusb_hid_descriptor *hd;
// 	struct libusb_endpoint_descriptor *ed;
// 	size_t tmp_size;
//
// 	if (hid_priv->input_report_size)
// 		num_endpoints++;
// 	if (hid_priv->output_report_size)
// 		num_endpoints++;
//
// 	config_total_len = LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE + LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE
// 		+ LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE + num_endpoints * LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE;
//
// 	cd = (struct libusb_config_descriptor *)tmp;
// 	id = (struct libusb_interface_descriptor *)(tmp + LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE);
// 	hd = (struct libusb_hid_descriptor *)(tmp + LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE
// 		+ LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE);
// 	ed = (struct libusb_endpoint_descriptor *)(tmp + LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE
// 		+ LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE
// 		+ LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE);
//
// 	cd->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE;
// 	cd->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG;
// 	cd->wTotalLength = (uint16_t)config_total_len;
// 	cd->bNumInterfaces = 1;
// 	cd->bConfigurationValue = 1;
// 	cd->iConfiguration = 0;
// 	cd->bmAttributes = 1 << 7; /* bus powered */
// 	cd->MaxPower = 50;
//
// 	id->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE;
// 	id->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE;
// 	id->bInterfaceNumber = 0;
// 	id->bAlternateSetting = 0;
// 	id->bNumEndpoints = num_endpoints;
// 	id->bInterfaceClass = 3;
// 	id->bInterfaceSubClass = 0;
// 	id->bInterfaceProtocol = 0;
// 	id->iInterface = 0;
//
// 	tmp_size = LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE;
// 	_hid_get_hid_descriptor(hid_priv, hd, &tmp_size);
//
// 	if (hid_priv->input_report_size) {
// 		ed->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE;
// 		ed->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT;
// 		ed->bEndpointAddress = HID_IN_EP;
// 		ed->bmAttributes = 3;
// 		ed->wMaxPacketSize = hid_priv->input_report_size - 1;
// 		ed->bInterval = 10;
// 		ed = (struct libusb_endpoint_descriptor *)((char *)ed + LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE);
// 	}
//
// 	if (hid_priv->output_report_size) {
// 		ed->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE;
// 		ed->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT;
// 		ed->bEndpointAddress = HID_OUT_EP;
// 		ed->bmAttributes = 3;
// 		ed->wMaxPacketSize = hid_priv->output_report_size - 1;
// 		ed->bInterval = 10;
// 	}
//
// 	if (*size > config_total_len)
// 		*size = config_total_len;
// 	memcpy(data, tmp, *size);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_string_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *hid_priv, int _index,
// 	void *data, size_t *size, HANDLE hid_handle)
// {
// 	void *tmp = NULL;
// 	WCHAR string[MAX_USB_STRING_LENGTH];
// 	size_t tmp_size = 0;
// 	int i;
//
// 	/* language ID, EN-US */
// 	char string_langid[] = {0x09, 0x04};
//
// 	if (_index == 0) {
// 		tmp = string_langid;
// 		tmp_size = sizeof(string_langid) + 2;
// 	} else {
// 		for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
// 			if (_index == (hid_priv->string_index[i])) {
// 				tmp = hid_priv->string[i];
// 				tmp_size = (_hid_wcslen(hid_priv->string[i]) + 1) * sizeof(WCHAR);
// 				break;
// 			}
// 		}
//
// 		if (i == 3) {
// 			if (!HidD_GetIndexedString(hid_handle, _index, string, sizeof(string)))
// 				return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 			tmp = string;
// 			tmp_size = (_hid_wcslen(string) + 1) * sizeof(WCHAR);
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	if (!tmp_size)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
//
// 	if (tmp_size < *size)
// 		*size = tmp_size;
//
// 	// 2 byte header
// 	((uint8_t *)data)[0] = (uint8_t)*size;
// 	((uint8_t *)data)[1] = LIBUSB_DT_STRING;
// 	memcpy((uint8_t *)data + 2, tmp, *size - 2);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_hid_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *hid_priv, void *data, size_t *size)
// {
// 	struct libusb_hid_descriptor d;
// 	uint8_t tmp[MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE];
// 	size_t report_len = MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE;
//
// 	_hid_get_report_descriptor(hid_priv, tmp, &report_len);
//
// 	d.bLength = LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE;
// 	d.bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_HID;
// 	d.bcdHID = 0x0110; /* 1.10 */
// 	d.bCountryCode = 0;
// 	d.bNumDescriptors = 1;
// 	d.bClassDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_REPORT;
// 	d.wClassDescriptorLength = (uint16_t)report_len;
//
// 	if (*size > LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE)
// 		*size = LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE;
// 	memcpy(data, &d, *size);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_report_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv *hid_priv, void *data, size_t *size)
// {
// 	uint8_t d[MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE];
// 	size_t i = 0;
//
// 	/* usage page */
// 	d[i++] = 0x06; d[i++] = hid_priv->usagePage & 0xFF; d[i++] = hid_priv->usagePage >> 8;
// 	/* usage */
// 	d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = (uint8_t)hid_priv->usage;
// 	/* start collection (application) */
// 	d[i++] = 0xA1; d[i++] = 0x01;
// 	/* input report */
// 	if (hid_priv->input_report_size) {
// 		/* usage (vendor defined) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x01;
// 		/* logical minimum (0) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x15; d[i++] = 0x00;
// 		/* logical maximum (255) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x25; d[i++] = 0xFF;
// 		/* report size (8 bits) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x75; d[i++] = 0x08;
// 		/* report count */
// 		d[i++] = 0x95; d[i++] = (uint8_t)hid_priv->input_report_size - 1;
// 		/* input (data, variable, absolute) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x81; d[i++] = 0x00;
// 	}
// 	/* output report */
// 	if (hid_priv->output_report_size) {
// 		/* usage (vendor defined) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x02;
// 		/* logical minimum (0) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x15; d[i++] = 0x00;
// 		/* logical maximum (255) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x25; d[i++] = 0xFF;
// 		/* report size (8 bits) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x75; d[i++] = 0x08;
// 		/* report count */
// 		d[i++] = 0x95; d[i++] = (uint8_t)hid_priv->output_report_size - 1;
// 		/* output (data, variable, absolute) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x91; d[i++] = 0x00;
// 	}
// 	/* feature report */
// 	if (hid_priv->feature_report_size) {
// 		/* usage (vendor defined) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x03;
// 		/* logical minimum (0) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x15; d[i++] = 0x00;
// 		/* logical maximum (255) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x25; d[i++] = 0xFF;
// 		/* report size (8 bits) */
// 		d[i++] = 0x75; d[i++] = 0x08;
// 		/* report count */
// 		d[i++] = 0x95; d[i++] = (uint8_t)hid_priv->feature_report_size - 1;
// 		/* feature (data, variable, absolute) */
// 		d[i++] = 0xb2; d[i++] = 0x02; d[i++] = 0x01;
// 	}
//
// 	/* end collection */
// 	d[i++] = 0xC0;
//
// 	if (*size > i)
// 		*size = i;
// 	memcpy(data, d, *size);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int recipient,
// 	int type, int _index, void *data, size_t *size)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	UNUSED(recipient);
//
// 	switch (type) {
// 	case LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE:
// 		usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE");
// 		return _hid_get_device_descriptor(priv->hid, data, size);
// 	case LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG:
// 		usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG");
// 		if (!_index)
// 			return _hid_get_config_descriptor(priv->hid, data, size);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	case LIBUSB_DT_STRING:
// 		usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "LIBUSB_DT_STRING");
// 		return _hid_get_string_descriptor(priv->hid, _index, data, size, hid_handle);
// 	case LIBUSB_DT_HID:
// 		usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "LIBUSB_DT_HID");
// 		if (!_index)
// 			return _hid_get_hid_descriptor(priv->hid, data, size);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	case LIBUSB_DT_REPORT:
// 		usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "LIBUSB_DT_REPORT");
// 		if (!_index)
// 			return _hid_get_report_descriptor(priv->hid, data, size);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	case LIBUSB_DT_PHYSICAL:
// 		usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "LIBUSB_DT_PHYSICAL");
// 		if (HidD_GetPhysicalDescriptor(hid_handle, data, (ULONG)*size))
// 			return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "unsupported");
// 	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// }
//
// static int _hid_get_report(struct libusb_device *dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int id, void *data,
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *tp, size_t size, OVERLAPPED *overlapped, int report_type)
// {
// 	DWORD ioctl_code, expected_size = (DWORD)size;
// 	uint8_t *buf;
//
// 	if (tp->hid_buffer != NULL)
// 		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "program assertion failed - hid_buffer is not NULL");
//
// 	if ((size == 0) || (size > MAX_HID_REPORT_SIZE)) {
// 		usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "invalid size (%"PRIuPTR")", (uintptr_t)size);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	switch (report_type) {
// 	case HID_REPORT_TYPE_INPUT:
// 		ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_GET_INPUT_REPORT;
// 		break;
// 	case HID_REPORT_TYPE_FEATURE:
// 		ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_GET_FEATURE;
// 		break;
// 	default:
// 		usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "unknown HID report type %d", report_type);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	// Add a trailing byte to detect overflows
// 	buf = calloc(1, expected_size + 1);
// 	if (buf == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
//
// 	buf[0] = (uint8_t)id; // Must be set always
// 	usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "report ID: 0x%02X", buf[0]);
//
// 	// NB: The size returned by DeviceIoControl doesn't include report IDs when not in use (0)
// 	if (!DeviceIoControl(hid_handle, ioctl_code, buf, expected_size + 1,
// 		buf, expected_size + 1, NULL, overlapped)) {
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 			usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "failed to read HID Report: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			free(buf);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// Asynchronous wait
// 	tp->hid_buffer = buf;
// 	tp->hid_dest = data; // copy dest, as not necessarily the start of the transfer buffer
// 	tp->hid_expected_size = expected_size;
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int _hid_set_report(struct libusb_device *dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int id, void *data,
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *tp, size_t size, OVERLAPPED *overlapped, int report_type)
// {
// 	DWORD ioctl_code, write_size = (DWORD)size;
// 	// If an id is reported, we must allow MAX_HID_REPORT_SIZE + 1
// 	size_t max_report_size = MAX_HID_REPORT_SIZE + (id ? 1 : 0);
// 	uint8_t *buf;
//
// 	if (tp->hid_buffer != NULL)
// 		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "program assertion failed - hid_buffer is not NULL");
//
// 	if ((size == 0) || (size > max_report_size)) {
// 		usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "invalid size (%"PRIuPTR")", (uintptr_t)size);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	switch (report_type) {
// 	case HID_REPORT_TYPE_OUTPUT:
// 		ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_SET_OUTPUT_REPORT;
// 		break;
// 	case HID_REPORT_TYPE_FEATURE:
// 		ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_SET_FEATURE;
// 		break;
// 	default:
// 		usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "unknown HID report type %d", report_type);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "report ID: 0x%02X", id);
// 	// When report IDs are not used (i.e. when id == 0), we must add
// 	// a null report ID. Otherwise, we just use original data buffer
// 	if (id == 0)
// 		write_size++;
//
// 	buf = malloc(write_size);
// 	if (buf == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
//
// 	if (id == 0) {
// 		buf[0] = 0;
// 		memcpy(buf + 1, data, size);
// 	} else {
// 		// This seems like a waste, but if we don't duplicate the
// 		// data, we'll get issues when freeing hid_buffer
// 		memcpy(buf, data, size);
// 		if (buf[0] != id)
// 			usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "mismatched report ID (data is %02X, parameter is %02X)", buf[0], id);
// 	}
//
// 	// NB: The size returned by DeviceIoControl doesn't include report IDs when not in use (0)
// 	if (!DeviceIoControl(hid_handle, ioctl_code, buf, write_size,
// 		buf, write_size, NULL, overlapped)) {
// 		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 			usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "failed to write HID Output Report: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 			free(buf);
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	tp->hid_buffer = buf;
// 	tp->hid_dest = NULL;
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int _hid_class_request(struct libusb_device *dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int request_type,
// 	int request, int value, int _index, void *data, struct winusb_transfer_priv *tp,
// 	size_t size, OVERLAPPED *overlapped)
// {
// 	int report_type = (value >> 8) & 0xFF;
// 	int report_id = value & 0xFF;
//
// 	UNUSED(_index);
//
// 	if ((LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(request_type) != LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE)
// 			&& (LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(request_type) != LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_DEVICE))
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
//
// 	if (LIBUSB_REQ_OUT(request_type) && request == HID_REQ_SET_REPORT)
// 		return _hid_set_report(dev, hid_handle, report_id, data, tp, size, overlapped, report_type);
//
// 	if (LIBUSB_REQ_IN(request_type) && request == HID_REQ_GET_REPORT)
// 		return _hid_get_report(dev, hid_handle, report_id, data, tp, size, overlapped, report_type);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
// }
//
// /*
//  * HID API functions
//  */
// static bool hid_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
// {
// 	DLL_GET_HANDLE(ctx, hid);
//
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetAttributes, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetHidGuid, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetPreparsedData, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_FreePreparsedData, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetManufacturerString, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetProductString, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetSerialNumberString, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetIndexedString, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidP_GetCaps, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_SetNumInputBuffers, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_GetPhysicalDescriptor, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidD_FlushQueue, true);
// 	DLL_LOAD_FUNC(hid, HidP_GetValueCaps, true);
//
// 	return true;
// }
//
// static void hid_exit(void)
// {
// 	DLL_FREE_HANDLE(hid);
// }
//
// // NB: open and close must ensure that they only handle interface of
// // the right API type, as these functions can be called wholesale from
// // composite_open(), with interfaces belonging to different APIs
// static int hid_open(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct libusb_device *dev = dev_handle->dev;
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	HIDD_ATTRIBUTES hid_attributes;
// 	PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA preparsed_data = NULL;
// 	HIDP_CAPS capabilities;
// 	HIDP_VALUE_CAPS *value_caps;
// 	HANDLE hid_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
// 	int i, j;
// 	// report IDs handling
// 	ULONG size[3];
// 	int nb_ids[2]; // zero and nonzero report IDs
// #if defined(ENABLE_LOGGING)
// 	const char * const type[3] = {"input", "output", "feature"};
// #endif
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	if (priv->hid == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "program assertion failed - private HID structure is uninitialized");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		if ((priv->usb_interface[i].path != NULL)
// 				&& (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_HID)) {
// 			hid_handle = windows_open(dev_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].path, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE);
// 			/*
// 			 * http://www.lvr.com/hidfaq.htm: Why do I receive "Access denied" when attempting to access my HID?
// 			 * "Windows 2000 and later have exclusive read/write access to HIDs that are configured as a system
// 			 * keyboards or mice. An application can obtain a handle to a system keyboard or mouse by not
// 			 * requesting READ or WRITE access with CreateFile. Applications can then use HidD_SetFeature and
// 			 * HidD_GetFeature (if the device supports Feature reports)."
// 			 */
// 			if (hid_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 				usbi_warn(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not open HID device in R/W mode (keyboard or mouse?) - trying without");
// 				hid_handle = windows_open(dev_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].path, 0);
// 				if (hid_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
// 					usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not open device %s (interface %d): %s", priv->path, i, windows_error_str(0));
// 					switch (GetLastError()) {
// 					case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: // The device was disconnected
// 						return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 					case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
// 						return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
// 					default:
// 						return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 					}
// 				}
// 				priv->usb_interface[i].restricted_functionality = true;
// 			}
// 			handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle = hid_handle;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	hid_attributes.Size = sizeof(hid_attributes);
// 	do {
// 		if (!HidD_GetAttributes(hid_handle, &hid_attributes)) {
// 			usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not gain access to HID top collection (HidD_GetAttributes)");
// 			break;
// 		}
//
// 		priv->hid->vid = hid_attributes.VendorID;
// 		priv->hid->pid = hid_attributes.ProductID;
//
// 		// Set the maximum available input buffer size
// 		for (i = 32; HidD_SetNumInputBuffers(hid_handle, i); i *= 2);
// 		usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "set maximum input buffer size to %d", i / 2);
//
// 		// Get the maximum input and output report size
// 		if (!HidD_GetPreparsedData(hid_handle, &preparsed_data) || !preparsed_data) {
// 			usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not read HID preparsed data (HidD_GetPreparsedData)");
// 			break;
// 		}
// 		if (HidP_GetCaps(preparsed_data, &capabilities) != HIDP_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
// 			usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "could not parse HID capabilities (HidP_GetCaps)");
// 			break;
// 		}
//
// 		// Find out if interrupt will need report IDs
// 		size[0] = capabilities.NumberInputValueCaps;
// 		size[1] = capabilities.NumberOutputValueCaps;
// 		size[2] = capabilities.NumberFeatureValueCaps;
// 		for (j = HidP_Input; j <= HidP_Feature; j++) {
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "%lu HID %s report value(s) found", ULONG_CAST(size[j]), type[j]);
// 			priv->hid->uses_report_ids[j] = false;
// 			if (size[j] > 0) {
// 				value_caps = calloc(size[j], sizeof(HIDP_VALUE_CAPS));
// 				if ((value_caps != NULL)
// 						&& (HidP_GetValueCaps((HIDP_REPORT_TYPE)j, value_caps, &size[j], preparsed_data) == HIDP_STATUS_SUCCESS)
// 						&& (size[j] >= 1)) {
// 					nb_ids[0] = 0;
// 					nb_ids[1] = 0;
// 					for (i = 0; i < (int)size[j]; i++) {
// 						usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "  Report ID: 0x%02X", value_caps[i].ReportID);
// 						if (value_caps[i].ReportID != 0)
// 							nb_ids[1]++;
// 						else
// 							nb_ids[0]++;
// 					}
// 					if (nb_ids[1] != 0) {
// 						if (nb_ids[0] != 0)
// 							usbi_warn(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "program assertion failed - zero and nonzero report IDs used for %s",
// 								type[j]);
// 						priv->hid->uses_report_ids[j] = true;
// 					}
// 				} else {
// 					usbi_warn(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "  could not process %s report IDs", type[j]);
// 				}
// 				free(value_caps);
// 			}
// 		}
//
// 		// Set the report sizes
// 		priv->hid->input_report_size = capabilities.InputReportByteLength;
// 		priv->hid->output_report_size = capabilities.OutputReportByteLength;
// 		priv->hid->feature_report_size = capabilities.FeatureReportByteLength;
//
// 		// Store usage and usagePage values
// 		priv->hid->usage = capabilities.Usage;
// 		priv->hid->usagePage = capabilities.UsagePage;
//
// 		// Fetch string descriptors
// 		priv->hid->string_index[0] = dev->device_descriptor.iManufacturer;
// 		if (priv->hid->string_index[0] != 0)
// 			HidD_GetManufacturerString(hid_handle, priv->hid->string[0], sizeof(priv->hid->string[0]));
// 		else
// 			priv->hid->string[0][0] = 0;
//
// 		priv->hid->string_index[1] = dev->device_descriptor.iProduct;
// 		if (priv->hid->string_index[1] != 0)
// 			// Using HidD_GetIndexedString() instead of HidD_GetProductString(), as the latter would otherwise return the name
// 			// of the interface instead of the iProduct string whenever the iInterface member of the USB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR
// 			// structure for the interface is nonzero (see Remarks section in the documentation of the HID API routines)
// 			HidD_GetIndexedString(hid_handle, priv->hid->string_index[1], priv->hid->string[1], sizeof(priv->hid->string[1]));
// 		else
// 			priv->hid->string[1][0] = 0;
//
// 		priv->hid->string_index[2] = dev->device_descriptor.iSerialNumber;
// 		if (priv->hid->string_index[2] != 0)
// 			HidD_GetSerialNumberString(hid_handle, priv->hid->string[2], sizeof(priv->hid->string[2]));
// 		else
// 			priv->hid->string[2][0] = 0;
// 	} while (0);
//
// 	if (preparsed_data)
// 		HidD_FreePreparsedData(preparsed_data);
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static void hid_close(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	HANDLE file_handle;
// 	int i;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	if (DLL_HANDLE_NAME(hid) == NULL)
// 		return;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		if (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_HID) {
// 			file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
// 			if (HANDLE_VALID(file_handle))
// 				CloseHandle(file_handle);
// 		}
// 	}
// }
//
// static int hid_claim_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	// NB: Disconnection detection is not possible in this function
// 	if (priv->usb_interface[iface].path == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND; // invalid iface
//
// 	// We use dev_handle as a flag for interface claimed
// 	if (handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle == INTERFACE_CLAIMED)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY; // already claimed
//
// 	handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle = INTERFACE_CLAIMED;
//
// 	usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "claimed interface %u", iface);
// 	handle_priv->active_interface = iface;
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int hid_release_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	if (priv->usb_interface[iface].path == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND; // invalid iface
//
// 	if (handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle != INTERFACE_CLAIMED)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND; // invalid iface
//
// 	handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int hid_set_interface_altsetting(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting)
// {
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	UNUSED(iface);
//
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	if (altsetting != 0) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "set interface altsetting not supported for altsetting >0");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int hid_submit_control_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle = transfer->dev_handle;
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *setup = (WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *)transfer->buffer;
// 	HANDLE hid_handle;
// 	OVERLAPPED *overlapped;
// 	int current_interface;
// 	uint8_t config;
// 	size_t size;
// 	int r;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
// 	transfer_priv->hid_dest = NULL;
// 	size = transfer->length - LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE;
//
// 	if (size > MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
//
// 	current_interface = get_valid_interface(dev_handle, USB_API_HID);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		if (auto_claim(transfer, &current_interface, USB_API_HID) != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "will use interface %d", current_interface);
//
// 	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
// 	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 	set_transfer_priv_handle(itransfer, hid_handle);
// 	overlapped = get_transfer_priv_overlapped(itransfer);
//
// 	switch (LIBUSB_REQ_TYPE(setup->RequestType)) {
// 	case LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_STANDARD:
// 		switch (setup->Request) {
// 		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR:
// 			r = _hid_get_descriptor(dev_handle->dev, hid_handle, LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(setup->RequestType),
// 				(setup->Value >> 8) & 0xFF, setup->Value & 0xFF, transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE, &size);
// 			break;
// 		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_CONFIGURATION:
// 			r = winusb_get_configuration(dev_handle, &config);
// 			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
// 				size = 1;
// 				((uint8_t *)transfer->buffer)[LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE] = config;
// 				r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// 			}
// 			break;
// 		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION:
// 			if (setup->Value == priv->active_config) {
// 				r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// 			} else {
// 				usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "cannot set configuration other than the default one");
// 				r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 			}
// 			break;
// 		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_INTERFACE:
// 			size = 1;
// 			((uint8_t *)transfer->buffer)[LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE] = 0;
// 			r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// 			break;
// 		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_INTERFACE:
// 			r = hid_set_interface_altsetting(0, dev_handle, (uint8_t)setup->Index, (uint8_t)setup->Value);
// 			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 				r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
// 			break;
// 		default:
// 			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unsupported HID control request");
// 			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 		}
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_CLASS:
// 		r = _hid_class_request(dev_handle->dev, hid_handle, setup->RequestType, setup->Request, setup->Value,
// 			setup->Index, transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE, transfer_priv,
// 			size, overlapped);
// 		break;
// 	default:
// 		usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unsupported HID control request");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
// 	}
//
// 	if (r < 0)
// 		return r;
//
// 	if (r == LIBUSB_COMPLETED) {
// 		// Force request to be completed synchronously. Transferred size has been set by previous call
// 		windows_force_sync_completion(itransfer, (ULONG)size);
// 		r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int hid_submit_bulk_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE hid_handle;
// 	OVERLAPPED *overlapped;
// 	bool direction_in;
// 	BOOL ret;
// 	int current_interface, length;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	if (IS_XFEROUT(transfer) && (transfer->flags & LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ADD_ZERO_PACKET))
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
//
// 	transfer_priv->hid_dest = NULL;
// 	safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", transfer->endpoint, current_interface);
//
// 	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
// 	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 	set_transfer_priv_handle(itransfer, hid_handle);
// 	overlapped = get_transfer_priv_overlapped(itransfer);
// 	direction_in = IS_XFERIN(transfer);
//
// 	// If report IDs are not in use, an extra prefix byte must be added
// 	if (((direction_in) && (!priv->hid->uses_report_ids[0]))
// 			|| ((!direction_in) && (!priv->hid->uses_report_ids[1])))
// 		length = transfer->length + 1;
// 	else
// 		length = transfer->length;
//
// 	// Add a trailing byte to detect overflows on input
// 	transfer_priv->hid_buffer = calloc(1, length + 1);
// 	if (transfer_priv->hid_buffer == NULL)
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
//
// 	transfer_priv->hid_expected_size = length;
//
// 	if (direction_in) {
// 		transfer_priv->hid_dest = transfer->buffer;
// 		usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "reading %d bytes (report ID: 0x00)", length);
// 		ret = ReadFile(hid_handle, transfer_priv->hid_buffer, length + 1, NULL, overlapped);
// 	} else {
// 		if (!priv->hid->uses_report_ids[1])
// 			memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_buffer + 1, transfer->buffer, transfer->length);
// 		else
// 			// We could actually do without the calloc and memcpy in this case
// 			memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_buffer, transfer->buffer, transfer->length);
//
// 		usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "writing %d bytes (report ID: 0x%02X)", length, transfer_priv->hid_buffer[0]);
// 		ret = WriteFile(hid_handle, transfer_priv->hid_buffer, length, NULL, overlapped);
// 	}
//
// 	if (!ret && GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "HID transfer failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int hid_reset_device(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	HANDLE hid_handle;
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	// Flushing the queues on all interfaces is the best we can achieve
// 	for (current_interface = 0; current_interface < USB_MAXINTERFACES; current_interface++) {
// 		hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
// 		if (HANDLE_VALID(hid_handle))
// 			HidD_FlushQueue(hid_handle);
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static int hid_clear_halt(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	HANDLE hid_handle;
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cannot clear");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", endpoint, current_interface);
// 	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
//
// 	// No endpoint selection with Microsoft's implementation, so we try to flush the
// 	// whole interface. Should be OK for most case scenarios
// 	if (!HidD_FlushQueue(hid_handle)) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "Flushing of HID queue failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
// 		// Device was probably disconnected
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// // This extra function is only needed for HID
// static enum libusb_transfer_status hid_copy_transfer_data(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	enum libusb_transfer_status r = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	if (transfer_priv->hid_buffer != NULL) {
// 		// If we have a valid hid_buffer, it means the transfer was async
// 		if (transfer_priv->hid_dest != NULL) { // Data readout
// 			if (length > 0) {
// 				// First, check for overflow
// 				if ((size_t)length > transfer_priv->hid_expected_size) {
// 					usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "OVERFLOW!");
// 					length = (DWORD)transfer_priv->hid_expected_size;
// 					r = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_OVERFLOW;
// 				}
//
// 				if (transfer_priv->hid_buffer[0] == 0) {
// 					memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_dest, transfer_priv->hid_buffer + 1, length);
// 				} else {
// 					memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_dest, transfer_priv->hid_buffer, length);
// 				}
// 			}
// 			transfer_priv->hid_dest = NULL;
// 		}
// 		// For write, we just need to free the hid buffer
// 		safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
// 	}
//
// 	itransfer->transferred += (int)length;
// 	return r;
// }
//
//
// /*
//  * Composite API functions
//  */
// static int composite_open(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int i, r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	// SUB_API_MAX + 1 as the SUB_API_MAX pos is used to indicate availability of HID
// 	bool available[SUB_API_MAX + 1];
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < SUB_API_MAX + 1; i++)
// 		available[i] = false;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		switch (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id) {
// 		case USB_API_WINUSBX:
// 			if (priv->usb_interface[i].sub_api != SUB_API_NOTSET)
// 				available[priv->usb_interface[i].sub_api] = true;
// 			break;
// 		case USB_API_HID:
// 			available[SUB_API_MAX] = true;
// 			break;
// 		default:
// 			break;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < SUB_API_MAX; i++) { // WinUSB-like drivers
// 		if (available[i]) {
// 			r = usb_api_backend[USB_API_WINUSBX].open(i, dev_handle);
// 			if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 				return r;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	if (available[SUB_API_MAX]) { // HID driver
// 		r = hid_open(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle);
//
// 		// On Windows 10 version 1903 (OS Build 18362) and later Windows blocks attempts to
// 		// open HID devices with a U2F usage unless running as administrator. We ignore this
// 		// failure and proceed without the HID device opened.
// 		if (r == LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS) {
// 			usbi_dbg(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "ignoring access denied error while opening HID interface of composite device");
// 			r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return r;
// }
//
// static void composite_close(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int i;
// 	// SUB_API_MAX + 1 as the SUB_API_MAX pos is used to indicate availability of HID
// 	bool available[SUB_API_MAX + 1];
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < SUB_API_MAX + 1; i++)
// 		available[i] = false;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		switch (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id) {
// 		case USB_API_WINUSBX:
// 			if (priv->usb_interface[i].sub_api != SUB_API_NOTSET)
// 				available[priv->usb_interface[i].sub_api] = true;
// 			break;
// 		case USB_API_HID:
// 			available[SUB_API_MAX] = true;
// 			break;
// 		default:
// 			break;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < SUB_API_MAX; i++) { // WinUSB-like drivers
// 		if (available[i])
// 			usb_api_backend[USB_API_WINUSBX].close(i, dev_handle);
// 	}
//
// 	if (available[SUB_API_MAX]) // HID driver
// 		hid_close(SUB_API_NOTSET, dev_handle);
// }
//
// static int composite_claim_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[iface].apib, claim_interface);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->
// 		claim_interface(priv->usb_interface[iface].sub_api, dev_handle, iface);
// }
//
// static int composite_set_interface_altsetting(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface, uint8_t altsetting)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[iface].apib, set_interface_altsetting);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->
// 		set_interface_altsetting(priv->usb_interface[iface].sub_api, dev_handle, iface, altsetting);
// }
//
// static int composite_release_interface(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t iface)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[iface].apib, release_interface);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->
// 		release_interface(priv->usb_interface[iface].sub_api, dev_handle, iface);
// }
//
// static int composite_submit_control_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	struct libusb_config_descriptor *conf_desc;
// 	WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *setup = (WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *)transfer->buffer;
// 	int iface, pass, r;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	// Interface shouldn't matter for control, but it does in practice, with Windows'
// 	// restrictions with regards to accessing HID keyboards and mice. Try to target
// 	// a specific interface first, if possible.
// 	switch (LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(setup->RequestType)) {
// 	case LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE:
// 		iface = setup->Index & 0xFF;
// 		break;
// 	case LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_ENDPOINT:
// 		r = libusb_get_active_config_descriptor(transfer->dev_handle->dev, &conf_desc);
// 		if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
// 			iface = get_interface_by_endpoint(conf_desc, (setup->Index & 0xFF));
// 			libusb_free_config_descriptor(conf_desc);
// 			break;
// 		}
// 		// No break if not able to determine interface
// 		// Fall through
// 	default:
// 		iface = -1;
// 		break;
// 	}
//
// 	// Try and target a specific interface if the control setup indicates such
// 	if ((iface >= 0) && (iface < USB_MAXINTERFACES)) {
// 		usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "attempting control transfer targeted to interface %d", iface);
// 		if ((priv->usb_interface[iface].path != NULL)
// 				&& (priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->submit_control_transfer != NULL)) {
// 			r = priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->submit_control_transfer(priv->usb_interface[iface].sub_api, itransfer);
// 			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 				return r;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	// Either not targeted to a specific interface or no luck in doing so.
// 	// Try a 2 pass approach with all interfaces.
// 	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
// 		for (iface = 0; iface < USB_MAXINTERFACES; iface++) {
// 			if ((priv->usb_interface[iface].path != NULL)
// 					&& (priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->submit_control_transfer != NULL)) {
// 				if ((pass == 0) && (priv->usb_interface[iface].restricted_functionality)) {
// 					usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "trying to skip restricted interface #%d (HID keyboard or mouse?)", iface);
// 					continue;
// 				}
// 				usbi_dbg(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "using interface %d", iface);
// 				r = priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->submit_control_transfer(priv->usb_interface[iface].sub_api, itransfer);
// 				// If not supported on this API, it may be supported on another, so don't give up yet!!
// 				if (r == LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED)
// 					continue;
// 				return r;
// 			}
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "no libusb supported interfaces to complete request");
// 	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// }
//
// static int composite_submit_bulk_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib, submit_bulk_transfer);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->
// 		submit_bulk_transfer(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].sub_api, itransfer);
// }
//
// static int composite_submit_iso_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib, submit_iso_transfer);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->
// 		submit_iso_transfer(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].sub_api, itransfer);
// }
//
// static int composite_clear_halt(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = get_winusb_device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, endpoint);
// 	if (current_interface < 0) {
// 		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cannot clear");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib, clear_halt);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->
// 		clear_halt(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].sub_api, dev_handle, endpoint);
// }
//
// static int composite_cancel_transfer(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface = transfer_priv->interface_number;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	if ((current_interface < 0) || (current_interface >= USB_MAXINTERFACES)) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "program assertion failed - invalid interface_number");
// 		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
// 	}
//
// 	CHECK_SUPPORTED_API(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib, cancel_transfer);
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->
// 		cancel_transfer(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].sub_api, itransfer);
// }
//
// static int composite_reset_device(int sub_api, struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
// {
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
// 	int i, r;
// 	bool available[SUB_API_MAX];
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < SUB_API_MAX; i++)
// 		available[i] = false;
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
// 		if ((priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_WINUSBX)
// 				&& (priv->usb_interface[i].sub_api != SUB_API_NOTSET))
// 			available[priv->usb_interface[i].sub_api] = true;
// 	}
//
// 	for (i = 0; i < SUB_API_MAX; i++) {
// 		if (available[i]) {
// 			r = usb_api_backend[USB_API_WINUSBX].reset_device(i, dev_handle);
// 			if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
// 				return r;
// 		}
// 	}
//
// 	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
// }
//
// static enum libusb_transfer_status composite_copy_transfer_data(int sub_api, struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, DWORD length)
// {
// 	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = get_winusb_transfer_priv(itransfer);
// 	struct winusb_device_priv *priv = usbi_get_device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
// 	int current_interface = transfer_priv->interface_number;
//
// 	UNUSED(sub_api);
// 	if (priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->copy_transfer_data == NULL) {
// 		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "program assertion failed - no function to copy transfer data");
// 		return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
// 	}
//
// 	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->
// 		copy_transfer_data(priv->usb_interface[current_interface].sub_api, itransfer, length);
// }
